Table 2.
Comparisons of Nutrition Literacy and Dietary Adherence across Patients’ Characteristics (n = 218).
| Variables | Nutrition Literacy | p-Value | Dietary Adherence | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.280 | <0.001 | ||
| Male | 51.5 ± 31.5 | 39.9 ± 27.8 | ||
| Female | 56.1 ± 31.3 | 54.1 ± 24.3 | ||
| Age (years) | <0.001 | 0.907 | ||
| 18–30 | 60.0 ± 28.2 | 39.6 ± 22.7 | ||
| 31–40 | 75.1 ± 29.9 ab | 48.8 ± 23.1 | ||
| 41–50 | 64.8 ± 28.4 c | 45.9 ± 29.3 | ||
| 51–60 | 53.3 ± 30.8 a | 47.4 ± 27.8 | ||
| >60 | 43.6 ± 30.0 bc | 46.5 ± 27.7 | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.006 | 0.428 | ||
| Malay | 58.7 ± 30.1 a | 48.5 ± 27.6 | ||
| Chinese | 50.0 ± 32.5 | 43.2 ± 26.3 | ||
| Indian | 39.3 ± 30.0 a | 45.2 ± 27.0 | ||
| Marital Status | 0.244 | 0.521 | ||
| Single | 62.3 ± 33.5 | 43.4 ± 19.2 | ||
| Married | 53.0 ± 30.7 | 46.5 ± 28.0 | ||
| Divorced | 44.4 ± 37.4 | 55.0 ± 27.1 | ||
| Education Level | <0.001 | 0.099 | ||
| None | 34.1 ± 20.2 a | 60.6 ± 24.3 | ||
| Primary | 37.4 ± 26.2 bc | 44.7 ± 26.3 | ||
| Secondary | 53.2 ± 33.1 bd | 43.3 ± 27.8 | ||
| Tertiary | 73.2 ± 22.5 acd | 52.2 ± 26.1 | ||
| Employment Status | 0.014 | 0.946 | ||
| Working | 62.8 ± 30.4 | 46.3 ± 28.7 | ||
| Not working | 50.6 ± 31.3 | 46.6 ± 26.7 | ||
| Monthly Income | 0.001 | 0.222 | ||
| ≤RM1000 | 47.5 ± 31.1 | 48.5 ± 26.5 | ||
| >RM1000 | 61.2 ± 30.3 | 44.0 ± 27.8 | ||
| Dialysis Vintage (months) | 0.012 | 0.602 | ||
| <12 | 34.9 ± 26.6 a | 43.0 ± 30.4 | ||
| 12–48 | 50.8 ± 30.9 | 47.6 ± 24.4 | ||
| >48 | 58.8 ± 31.4 a | 47.5 ± 27.0 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation; Data were analysed using independent t-test and one-way ANOVA; data sharing the same superscript are significantly different from each other.