Table 9.
Economic and environmental sustainability parameters of European perch production using feeds differing in insect meal inclusion level (mean ± SD, n = 3).
| Items | CON | H20 | H40 | H60 | SEM | p-Value | BIO * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIFO | 3.04 ± 0.21 a | 2.17 ± 0.12 b | 1.56 ± 0.07 c | 1.18 ± 0.06 d | 0.214 | < 0.01 | - |
| GWP (kg CO2-eq) | 1.81 | 2.64 | 3.48 | 4.32 | - | - | - |
| EU (GJ/MT) | 15.35 | 24.80 | 34.26 | 43.71 | - | - | - |
| LD (ha/MT) | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.13 | - | - | - |
| WD (m3/MT) | 376 | 304 | 232 | 161 | - | - | - |
| ECR | 1.4 ± 0.10 c | 1.71 ± 0.10 c | 2.13 ± 0.10 b | 3.13 ± 0.17 a | 0.198 | <0.01 | 2.62 ± 0.34 |
| EPI | 0.36 ± 0.01 a | 0.36 ± 0.01 a | 0.34 ± 0.01 a | 0.26 ± 0.02 b | 0.012 | <0.04 | 0.35 ± 0.04 |
CON, H20, H40 and H60 represent 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% inclusion of H. illucens meal, respectively; BIO is a commercial diet (BioMar Inicio, Brande, Denmark). SD, standard deviation, FIFO, fish-in fish-out ratio; ECR, economic conversion ratio; EPI, economic profit index, GWP, global warming potential; EU, energy use; LD, land demand; WD, water demand; Different letters within a row indicate significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). * The statistical analysis did not include BIO.