Table 3.
Effect of intervention on serum AGEs concentration (ITT analysis).
| AGE-Lowering Arm (n = 33) | SOC Arm (n = 37) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured AGEs (nmole/L) | Baseline | Follow-Up | Change (%) | p 1 | Baseline | Follow-Up | Change (%) | p 1 | p 2 |
| CML | 128.2 ± 52.5 | 124.8 ±45.4 | −2.5 ± 31.5 | 0.6 | 112.5 ± 35.6 | 122.5 ± 52.2 | +8.8 ± 39.6 | 0.1 | 0.5 |
| 3DGH | 372.0 ± 207.3 | 397.2 ± 223.6 | +6.7 ± 52.8 | 0.7 | 352.6 ± 169.9 | 372.9 ± 174.2 | +5.7 ± 57.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 |
| CEL | 105.2 ± 43.1 | 94.6 ± 42.5 | −9.9 ± 43.7 | 0.09 | 88.3 ± 29.8 | 91.9 ± 38.0 | +3.9 ± 33.3 | 0.1 | 0.04 |
| G-H1 | 12.0 ± 5.3 | 12.0 ± 5.7 | +1.6 ± 4.1 | 0.9 | 10.2 ± 2.5 | 13.3 ± 7.7 | +30.3 ± 68.6 | <0.01 | 0.1 |
| MG-H1 | 270.5 ± 169.5 | 248.8 ± 172.0 | −8.0 ± 67.1 | 0.3 | 193.1 ± 92.7 | 265.7 ± 170.0 | +37.3 ± 92.9 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
All values expressed as mean change ± SD. Abbreviations and explanation: AGEs: Advanced glycation end products; SOC; Standard of care; ITT: Intention to treat analysis; CML: Ne-carboxymethyl lysine; 3DGH: 3-deoxyglucosone hydroimidazolone; CEL: Ne-carboxyethyl lysine; G-H1: glyoxalhydroimidazolone; MG-H1: methylglyoxalhydroimidazolone. p 1 change between baseline and 6 months visit within arm; p 2 difference in mean change between AGE-lowering vs. SOC arms.