Table 5.
Mean change in AGEs levels between baseline and 6 months follow-up by level of adherence to the dietary instructions (AGEs-lowering arm).
| Very High Adherence (n = 19) | Good/Partial Adherence (n = 14) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured AGEs (nmole/L) | Baseline | Follow-Up | Change (%) | p 1 | Baseline | Follow-Up | Change (%) | p 1 | p 2 |
| CML | 131.68 ± 57.47 | 117.09 ± 42.03 | −11.0 ± 25.0 | 0.15 | 123.58 ± 46.62 | 135.40 ± 49.28 | +9.5 ± 37 | 0.35 | 0.035 |
| CEL | 109.45 ± 49.98 | 88.07 ± 42.90 | −19.5 ± 43.8 | 0.04 | 99.43 ± 32.67 | 103.57 ± 41.99 | +4.1 ± 40.4 | 0.7 | 0.11 |
| 3DGH | 378.40 ± 235.55 | 337 ± 196.78 | −10.9 ± 34.9 | 0.19 | 363.35 ± 169.79 | 478.90 ± 238.85 | +31.8 ± 64.9 | 0.09 | 0.021 |
| GH1 | 12.26 ± 6.55 | 11.28 ± 3.97 | −7.9 ± 30.5 | 0.42 | 11.72 ± 3.33 | 13.11 ± 7.55 | +11.7 ± 54.1 | 0.43 | 0.27 |
| MG-H1 | 276.30 ± 198.21 | 192.82 ± 118.60 | −30.2 ± 53.0 | 0.02 | 262.66 ± 127.54 | 324.78 ± 206.34 | 23.65 ± 75.4 | 0.27 | 0.022 |
All values expressed as mean change ± SD. Abbreviations and explanation: AGEs: Advanced glycation end products; CML: Ne-carboxymethyl lysine; 3DGH: 3-deoxyglucosone hydroimidazolone; CEL: Ne-carboxyethyl lysine; G-H1: glyoxalhydroimidazolone; MG-H1: methylglyoxalhydroimidazolone. p 1 change between baseline and 6 months visit within arm; p 2 difference in mean change between AGE-lowering vs. SOC arms.