Table 1.
The patients’ baseline characteristics. Chi2 and Mann–Whitney test p-values of the differences between the two study groups.
| All Patients (n = 645) | Pre-BCG Group (n = 397; 61.6%) |
Post-BCG Group (n = 248; 38.4%) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean; SD) | 66.5; 10.9 | 65.9; 11.8 | 67.2; 9.9 | 0.074 |
| Gender (M/F) | 538/107 (83.4/16.6%) | 321/76 (80.9/19.1%) | 217/31 (87.5/12.5%) | 0.027 |
| Smoking history; n (%) | 0.293 | |||
| Never | 191 (29.6%) | 121 (30.5%) | 70 (28.2%) | |
| Former | 266 (41.2%) | 165 (41.6%) | 101 (40.7%) | |
| Current | 167 (25.9%) | 95 (23.9%) | 72 (29%) | |
| Unknown | 21 (3.3%) | 16 (4%) | 5 (2%) | |
| Concomitant CIS; n (%) | 0.054 | |||
| Yes | 126 (19.5%) | 67 (16.9%) | 59 (23.8%) | |
| No | 514 (79.7%) | 328 (82.6%) | 186 (75%) | |
| unknown | 5 (0.8%) | 2 (0.5%) | 3 (1.2%) | |
| Tumour size; n (%) | 0.102 | |||
| <3 cm | 315 (48.8%) | 187 (47.1%) | 137 (55.2%) | |
| ≥3 cm | 279 (43.3%) | 180 (45.3%) | 94 (37.9%) | |
| Unknown | 51 (7.9%) | 30 (7.6%) | 17 (6.9%) | |
| Tumour focality; n (%) | 0.254 | |||
| Solitary | 299 (46.4%) | 180 (45.3%) | 119 (48%) | |
| Multiple | 317 (49.2%) | 195 (49.1%) | 122 (49.2%) | |
| Unknown | 29 (4.5%) | 22 (5.5%) | 7 (2.8%) | |
| Muscularis propria in the primary specimen | 0.034 | |||
| Yes | 467 (72.4%) | 279 (70.3%) | 188 (75.8%) | |
| No | 141 (21.9%) | 99 (24.9%) | 42 (16.9%) | |
| Unknown | 37 (5.7%) | 19 (4.8%) | 18 (7.3%) | |
| Residual NMIBC at reTURB (yes/no) | 226/419 (35/65%) | 152/245 (38.3/61.7%) | 74/174 (29.8/70.2%) | 0.029 |
| Stage of residual disease at reTURB | ||||
| T1 | 105 (46.5%) | 70 (46.1%) | 35 (47.3%) | 0.860 |
| Ta | 66 (29.2%) | 44 (28.9%) | 22 (29.7%) | 0.903 |
| CIS | 55 (24.3%) | 38 (25%) | 17 (23%) | 0.739 |
| Muscularis propria in the reTURB specimen (yes/no) | 439/181/25 (68.1/28.1/3.9%) | 268/115/14 (67.5/29/3.5%) | 171/66/11 (69/26.6/4.4%) | 0.714 |
| BCG strain; n (%) | 0.017 | |||
| Moreau | 138 (21.4%) | 99 (24.9%) | 39 (15.7%) | |
| TICE | 272 (42.4%) | 153 (38.5%) | 119 (48%) | |
| RIVM | 180 (27.9%) | 114 (28.7%) | 66 (26.6%) | |
| Other | 55 (8.5%) | 31 (7.8%) | 24 (9.7%) | |
| Total number of BCG instillations (mean; SD) | 14.7; 6.5 | 14.4; 6.2 | 14.9; 6.0 6.5 | 0.101 |
| Observation time in months (median; IQR) | 43.5 (24.5–58.5) | 40 (27.6–58.6) | 45.4 (23.3–58.0) | >0.001 |
| Recurrence | 218 (33.8%) | 128 (32.2%) | 90 (36.6%) | 0.290 |
| Progression | 94 (14.6%) | 54 (13.6%) | 40 (16.1) | 0.376 |
| Cancer-specific death | 38 (5.9%) | 26 (6.5%) | 12 (4.8%) | 0.369 |
The value of adjusted p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (in bold). Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; M, male; F, female; CIS, carcinoma in situ; NMIBC, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer