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. 2020 Oct 15;12(10):2997. doi: 10.3390/cancers12102997

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Systematic representation of the process and potential usage of liquid biopsies as a biomarker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) infects the palatine tonsil and the base of the tongue, causing HPV-related OPSCC. Tumor cells and tumor-derived DNA end up in the bloodstream that may function as a biomarker to facilitate personalized medicine. By obtaining blood plasma and isolating the cell-free DNA (cfDNA), quantification methods such as qPCR (quantitative PCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) make it possible to detect and quantify cell-free HPV-specific DNA (cfHPV-DNA) sequences for diagnosis, therapy stratification, and disease monitoring. Designed with BioRender.com.