Table 1.

Distributions of anthropometric characteristics, obesity indicators, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) for adolescents in the adolescent Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (ado-NAHSIT) and multilevel Risk Profiles for adolescent Metabolic Syndrome (mRP-aMS) studies.

	ado-NAHSIT			mRP-aMS
Variables 1	Girls	Boys	p 2	Girls	Boys	p 2
	(n = 971)	(n = 949)	Value	(n = 1399)	(n = 1328)	Value
Age, year	15.13 ± 1.86	15.18 ± 1.85	0.593	13.43 ± 1.02	13.43 ± 1.04	0.934
Weight, Kg	52.60 ± 10.50	62.39 ± 15.64	<0.001	50.92 ± 11.39	57.97 ± 15.84	<0.001
Height, cm	158.18 ± 5.81	168.02 ± 8.37	<0.001	156.20 ± 5.96	162.03 ± 8.85	<0.001
Hip circumference, cm	93.56 ± 7.81	94.13 ± 10.14	0.208	89.98 ± 8.45	91.16 ± 10.52	0.001
Adiposity indicators
Body mass index	20.97 ± 3.68	21.96 ± 4.71	<0.001	20.79 ± 4.06	21.88 ± 4.92	<0.001
Body adiposity index	29.07 ± 3.79	25.24 ± 4.10	<0.001	28.11 ± 3.98	26.23 ± 4.47	<0.001
Body roundness index	2.97 ± 1.01	2.76 ± 1.28	<0.001	2.46 ± 1.06	2.71 ± 1.32	<0.001
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.80 ± 0.05	0.82 ± 0.06	<0.001	0.77 ± 0.06	0.81 ± 0.07	<0.001
Waist-to-height ratio	0.48 ± 0.05	0.46 ± 0.07	<0.001	0.45 ± 0.06	0.46 ± 0.07	<0.001
Abdominal volume index	11.72 ± 2.80	12.54 ± 3.99	<0.001	10.18 ± 2.88	11.57 ± 3.92	<0.001
A body shape index, 10−1	0.79 ± 0.03	0.77 ± 0.03	<0.001	0.74 ± 0.05	0.75 ± 0.05	<0.001
Conicity index	1.20 ± 0.05	1.17 ± 0.06	<0.001	1.12 ± 0.08	1.15 ± 0.08	<0.001
Triglyceride-glucose index	8.04 ± 0.38	8.07 ± 0.42	0.054	8.03 ± 0.43	8.04 ± 0.48	0.602
Visceral adiposity index	2.52 ± 1.72	1.90 ± 1.33	<0.001	2.38 ± 1.40	1.73 ± 1.14	<0.001
Lipid accumulation product	72.14 ± 67.53	61.23 ± 78.42	0.001	53.38 ± 62.13	53.35 ± 77.21	0.986
Components of MetS
Waist circumference, cm	75.23 ± 8.71	77.60 ± 12.01	<0.001	69.56 ± 9.72	74.31 ± 12.31	<0.001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	98.88 ± 8.71	108.86 ± 10.72	<0.001	106.54 ± 11.52	112.03 ± 13.24	<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	59.70 ± 7.68	60.25 ± 8.15	0.127	64.45 ± 9.02	64.61 ± 10.02	0.668
Triglyceride, mg/dL	71.50 ± 30.18	72.96 ± 34.48	0.327	75.18 ± 33.46	75.40 ± 39.15	0.874
High-density lipoprotein, mg/dL	57.43 ± 12.54	52.02 ± 11.60	<0.001	58.32 ± 13.35	55.79 ± 13.51	<0.001
Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL	93.41 ± 10.45	96.51 ± 8.78	<0.001	89.55 ± 8.71	92.29 ± 8.32	<0.001
IDF-adoMetS (SE), %	2.37 (0.49)	4.11 (0.64)	0.034	1.43 (0.32)	3.16 (0.48)	0.003
JIS-AdMetS (SE), %	3.30 (0.57)	4.53 (0.68)	0.163	2.72 (0.43)	3.46 (0.50)	0.262

IDF-adoMetS, International Diabetes Federation-defined adolescent MetS; JIS-AdMetS, Joint Interim Statement for adult MetS. ¹ Distribution was displayed as mean ± standard deviation or percentage and standard error. ² p values for sex difference were obtained adjusted for age, except for variable ‘age’.