Table 3.

Application of DNA markers for QTL mapping in wheat (Triticum aestivum) crops.

DNA Markers	No. of QTLs Related to Tolerance	Chromosome No. with QTL Loci	Research Objectives	References
Simple sequence repeats (SSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)	3	1, 5, 7	To classify and map QTLs for heat resistance To identify the DNA markers linked with QTLs	[79]
Simple sequence repeats (SSR), diversity array technology (DarT), gene-based marker for Vrn-A1	1	5A	Genetic structure of drought tolerance by reproductive stage Development of drought tolerance morphological method focusing on premature microspore stage of pollen development for eliminating stress at flowering time	[80]
Simple sequence repeats (SSR)	8	2A	To detect the linkages of SSR markers with drought resistance character on chromosome 2A	[81]
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)	6	7A	High-density SNP association development in F2 population for salt tolerance QTLs and markers detection connected with different micronutrient concentrations and salt resistance relevant to seedlings	[82]
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)	3	3B, 4A, and 5A	SNP identification related to heat tolerance	[83]
Simple sequence repeats (SSR)	2	8 and 10	Cold stress-related QTL detection for improving yield traits, except effects on spikelet fertility	[84]