Table 5.
Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) for Diabetes Mellitus According to the Quartile of Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (μg/L)
| Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P-trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IV | ||
| 1-hydroxypyrene | |||||
| Total | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.66–1.46) | 0.85 (0.55–1.31) | 1.02 (0.62–1.71) | 0.963 |
| Men | 1.00 | 1.35 (0.73–2.50) | 0.91 (0.49–1.68) | 1.50 (0.70–3.20) | 0.455 |
| Women | 1.00 | 0.79 (0.49–1.29) | 0.84 (0.48–1.48) | 0.74 (0.38–1.43) | 0.427 |
| 2-naphthol | |||||
| Total | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.79–1.49) | 1.57 (1.09–2.27) | 1.83 (1.29–2.60) | <0.001 |
| Men | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.56–1.50) | 1.27 (0.73–2.27) | 2.07 (1.20–3.55) | 0.013 |
| Women | 1.00 | 1.43 (0.89–2.29) | 2.31 (1.41–3.81) | 1.94 (1.18–3.18) | 0.002 |
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene | |||||
| Total | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.59–1.36) | 1.02 (0.64–1.63) | 0.77 (0.47–1.25) | 0.936 |
| Men | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.41–1.59) | 0.73 (0.34–1.57) | 0.78 (0.36–1.67) | 0.918 |
| Women | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.62–1.75) | 1.40 (0.82–2.40) | 0.71 (0.37–1.36) | 0.425 |
| 2-hydroxyfluorene | |||||
| Total | 1.00 | 1.40 (0.95–2.05) | 1.21 (0.78–1.90) | 1.81 (1.10–2.98) | 0.064 |
| Men | 1.00 | 1.59 (0.88–2.88) | 1.29 (0.64–2.62) | 2.19 (0.92–5.24) | 0.212 |
| Women | 1.00 | 1.28 (0.79–2.02) | 1.26 (0.69–2.29) | 1.90 (0.98–3.71) | 0.078 |
Notes: Odds ratios were adjusted for sex, age group, body mass index group, household income, alcohol consumption, physical activity, log-transformed urinary creatinine and cotinine, menopausal status (in women), and quartiles of all other PAHs.
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.