Table 2.
Any and mono anti-tuberculosis-DR patterns in Bangladesh.
| Drug-Resistance Patterns | Antibiotics | Number of Analyzed Studies | Total Number of Tuberculosis Patients | Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance [95% CIs] (%) |
Heterogeneity | Publication Bias, Egger’s Test (p-Value) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 2 | p-Value | |||||||
| Any-DR | First line drugs | Streptomycin | 10 | 4990 | 29.2 [17.8–40.6] | 99.0% | <0.0001 | 0.88 |
| Isoniazid | 13 | 6018 | 35.0 [23.1–46.8] | 99.0% | <0.0001 | 0.57 | ||
| Rifampicin | 13 | 6018 | 27.6 [19.9–35.4] | 99.0% | <0.0001 | 0.12 | ||
| Ethambutol | 10 | 4990 | 16.2 [10.1–22.4] | 99.0% | <0.0001 | 0.41 | ||
| Pyrazinamide | 3 | 1296 | 18.9 [0.0–39.9] | 98.0% | <0.0001 | NA | ||
| Second line drugs | Kanamycin | 6 | 1251 | 0.5 [0.1–1.0] | 5.0% | 0.47 | NA | |
| Amikacin | 1 | 74 | 1.4 [0.0–4.0] | - | NA | NA | ||
| Gatifloxacin | 4 | 1165 | 0.2 [0.0–1.1] | 44.0% | 0.11 | NA | ||
| Ofloxacin | 6 | 1674 | 7.3 [5.0–9.6] | 53.0% | 0.06 | NA | ||
| Moxifloxacin | 2 | 999 | 5.8 [0.0–17.0] | 89.0% | 0.002 | NA | ||
| Ethionamide | 1 | 74 | 35.1 [24.3–46.0] | - | NA | NA | ||
| Prothionamide | 2 | 904 | 15.7 [12.4–19.0] | 48.0% | 0.17 | NA | ||
| Cycloserine | 1 | 74 | 44.6 [33.3–55.9] | - | NA | NA | ||
| Para-aminosalicylic acid | 1 | 74 | 12.2 [4.7–19.6] | - | NA | NA | ||
| Levofloxacin | 1 | 921 | 3.8 [2.6–5.0] | - | NA | NA | ||
| Mono-DR | First line drugs | Streptomycin | 11 | 5090 | 6.1 [3.3–8.9] | 94.0% | <0.0001 | 0.91 |
| Isoniazid | 12 | 5199 | 4.2 [2.8–5.7] | 88.0% | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | ||
| Rifampicin | 12 | 5199 | 0.7 [0.3–1.1] | 52.0% | 0.02 | 0.0004 | ||
| Ethambutol | 10 | 4990 | 0.8 [0.3–1.3] | 64.0% | 0.002 | 0.001 | ||
| Pyrazinamide | 1 | 100 | 0.0 [0.0–1.4] | - | NA | NA | ||