Table 1.
Clinical data (gender, age in years, time post injury in months, aetiology, CRS-R subscores) and P3 true positive rate for all participants (HC, EMCS, MCS, UWS) enrolled in the study after direct processing and after offline processing of the two paradigms (AEP, VTP). True positive rate in bold represents that is is above chance level (i.e. ‘differentiated responses’).
| Direct | Offline | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Gender | Age | Time Since Injury | Aetiology | CRS-R Subscores | AEP | VTP | AEP | VTP |
| HC | F | 28 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| HC | F | 23 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| HC | M | 23 | nonTBI | 90 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| HC | F | 21 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| HC | F | 24 | nonTBI | 100 | 80 | 100 | 90 | ||
| HC | F | 22 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 90 | 100 | ||
| HC | F | 27 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| HC | M | 24 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 80 | 100 | ||
| HC | F | 25 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 70 | ||
| HC | F | 24 | nonTBI | 100 | 20 | 90 | 100 | ||
| HC | M | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 90 | 100 | |||
| HC | M | 48 | nonTBI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| EMCS | M | 24 | nonTBI | 1,3,2,1,0,2 | 20 | 60 | 0 | 40 | |
| EMCS | M | 26 | 3.9 | TBI | 3,5,4,1,0,2 | 70 | 90 | 90 | 80 |
| MCS | M | 66 | 4.5 | TBI | 2,3,5,3,1,2 | 10 | 70 | 20 | 10 |
| MCS | F | 43 | 2.6 | nonTBI | 2,3,6,2,1,2 | 30 | 20 | 60 | 10 |
| MCS | F | 19 | 4.2 | nonTBI | 1,0,5,1,0,1 | 20 | 20 | 40 | 0 |
| MCS | M | 25 | 4.8 | nonTBI | 1,0,5,1,0,2 | 20 | 70 | 50 | 80 |
| MCS | F | 51 | 5.1 | nonTBI | 2,3,2,2,1,2 | 60 | 55 | 30 | 90 |
| MCS | M | 63 | 2.1 | nonTBI | 2,2,0,1,0,1 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 40 |
| MCS | M | 47 | 3.5 | TBI | 2,3,2,1,0,2 | 60 | 100 | 40 | 80 |
| MCS | M | 58 | 2.4 | nonTBI | 3,1,5,2,1,2 | 0 | 30 | 50 | 35 |
| MCS | M | 53 | 3.0 | nonTBI | 2,3,2,2,0,2 | 0 | 40 | 60 | 90 |
| MCS | M | 61 | 4.3 | nonTBI | 2,3,2,1,0,1 | 100 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| MCS | M | 56 | 5.0 | nonTBI | 2,1,5,2,1,1 | 20 | 20 | 0 | 20 |
| MCS | M | 34 | 1.7 | TBI | 4,5,6,1,1,2 | 20 | 10 | 100 | 20 |
| MCS | M | 52 | 1.9 | TBI | 3,3,5,1,1,1 | 0 | 20 | 10 | 50 |
| MCS | M | 64 | 55.9 | TBI | 3,5,6,2,1,2 | 0 | 90 | 0 | 60 |
| MCS | M | 18 | 7.8 | TBI | 3,3,5,2,0,1 | 20 | 100 | 80 | 100 |
| MCS | M | 55 | 68.7 | TBI | 2,0,5,1,0,1 | 30 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| MCS | M | 22 | 39.2 | TBI | 1,3,1,1,0,1 | 50 | 20 | 50 | 30 |
| MCS | F | 41 | 79.0 | nonTBI | 3,0,1,1,0,1 | 40 | 60 | 90 | 70 |
| MCS | M | 20 | 13.7 | TBI | 3,3,5,2,0,2 | 10 | 100 | 20 | 100 |
| MCS | M | 57 | 7.8 | nonTBI | 1,1,1,1,0,1 | 20 | 25 | 0 | 0 |
| MCS | F | 49 | 3.9 | nonTBI | 2,1,1,2,0,2 | 30 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| MCS | F | 47 | 3.9 | nonTBI | 1,3,5,1,0,1 | 20 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| MCS | F | 40 | 58.9 | TBI | 0,3,2,1,0,2 | 60 | 100 | 90 | 60 |
| UWS | F | 33 | 10.5 | nonTBI | 2,1,1,1,0,2 | 30 | 40 | 10 | 20 |
| UWS | M | 46 | 4.9 | TBI | 1,0,1,1,0,2 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 80 |
| UWS | F | 27 | 2.2 | TBI | 2,1,1,1,0,2 | 10 | 40 | 30 | 45 |
| UWS | M | 59 | 2.0 | nonTBI | 2,0,2,1,0,2 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| UWS | M | 65 | 5.0 | nonTBI | 1,0,2,1,0,2 | 10 | 0 | 40 | 40 |
| UWS | F | 54 | 4.3 | nonTBI | 1,0,1,1,0,2 | 0 | 50 | 10 | 45 |
| UWS | M | 50 | 5.6 | TBI | 2,2,2,1,0,2 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 25 |
| UWS | M | 57 | 3.7 | nonTBI | 0,0,5,1,0,0 | 30 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| UWS | M | 57 | 1.5 | nonTBI | 2,1,2,1,0,1 | 80 | 0 | 30 | 100 |
| UWS | M | 65 | 4.9 | nonTBI | 1,1,1,1,0,1 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 10 |
| UWS | M | 56 | 5.9 | nonTBI | 1,1,1,1,0,1 | 10 | 75 | 20 | 55 |
| UWS | F | 46 | 5.9 | nonTBI | 0,0,1,1,0,2 | 70 | 0 | 80 | 0 |
| UWS | F | 71 | 1.3 | nonTBI | 0,0,1,1,0,1 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 0 |
| UWS | F | 32 | 12.7 | TBI | 1,0,1,1,0,2 | 60 | 10 | 100 | 0 |
| UWS | M | 59 | 2.0 | nonTBI | 2,1,1,1,0,2 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
HC = healthy control, EMCS = emerged from minimally conscious state, MCS = minimally conscious state, UWS = unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, M = male, F = female, TBI = traumatic brain injury; nonTBI = non-traumatic brain injury, CRS-R = coma recovery scale-revised presenting auditory, visual, motor, verbal, communication, arousal subscores, Direct = direct processing provided by a theoretical threshold of 23%, Offline = further offline processing taking the individual threshold based on permutation tests, AEP = auditory evoked potential, VTP = vibrotactile potentials. Bold numberdenotes significant true positive rate.