ALT	Alanine aminotransferase
ANOVA	Analysis of variance
ANSES	French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety
AST	Aspartate transaminase
BBB	Brain Blood Barrier
BMSCs	Bone Marrow Stem Cells
BP-3	Benzophenone-3
CARS	Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering spectroscopy
CAT	Catalase
CLP	Classification, Labelling and Packaging
CMH2DCFDA	General Oxidative Stress Indicator, i.e., 5-(and-6)-chlomethyl-2′7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
EC	European Council
EC50	Half maximal Effective Concentration
EU	European Union
ECHA	European Chemicals Agency
GP	Glutathione Peroxidase
GR	Glutathione Reductase
GST	Glutathione-S-Transferase
IARC	International Agency for Research on Cancer
IL	Interleukin
IP	Intraperitoneal injection
LD50	Median Lethal Dose
LDH	Lactate Dehydrogenase
MAK	Maximum Concentration values in the Workplace
MCF7	Breast cancer cells (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cell line)
MC3T3-E1	Mouse osteoblastic cells
mRNA	Messenger RNA
NF-κB	Nuclear Factor Kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NLM	National Library of Medicine
NIOSH	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NOAEL	No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
NPs	Nanoparticles
OSHA	The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
P25	Evonik (Degussa) titanium dioxide (type P25)
PEL	Permissible Exposure Limit
PBS	Phosphate-Buffered Saline
PDL-hTERT	Periodontal Ligament human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase
PPCPs	Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
PPE	Personal Protective Equipment
RAC	Risk Assessment Committee
RANK-RANKL	Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β–Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β Ligand
RNA	Ribonucleic Acid
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
SOD	Superoxide Dismutase
TBARS	Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
TBT	Tributyltin
TDMA	Titanium Dioxide Manufacturers Association
TNF-α	Tumor Necrosis Factor α
TPS	Titanium Plasma-Sprayed
TWA	Time-Weighted Average
UV-A	Ultraviolet A
VEGF	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
YAP	Yes-Associated Protein
YNS	Yellow Nail Syndrome