Table 2.
Therapeutic drug development measures against Ebolaviruses.
| Drug Name | Nature | Responsible Party, Location * | Target | Clinical Trial Phase/Efficacy | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) | Carbohydrate-binding protein (or lectin) | - | GP | 40% in mice | [216] |
| Griffithsin (GRFT) | Carbohydrate-binding protein (or lectin) | - | Glycan structures | - | [215] |
| BCX4430 | Adenosine analog | BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, United States | RNA polymerase | I | [197,217] |
| T-705 (Favipiravir) | Pyrazinecarboxamide derivative | Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Guinea | RNA polymerase | II | [218] |
| Aptamers | Oligonucleotide | - | VP35 | - | [219] |
| AVI-6002 (PMO) | Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer | Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc., United States | VP24 and VP35 | I/60% in NHP | [194,220] |
| TKM-100802 | Small interfering RNA | Arbutus Biopharma Corporation, United States | RNA polymerase and VP35 | Trials terminated/100% in NHP | [191,221] |
| Small molecule inhibitor of VP40 | - | - | VP40 | - | [222] |
| GS-5734 | Adenosine triphosphate analog | NIAID, Guinea and Liberia | RNA synthesis | II/100% in NHP when administered 72 h post infection | [202,223] |
| 3-Deazaneplanocin A | Carbocyclic nucleoside | - | RNA synthesis | 100% in BALB/c mice when administered 48 h post infection | [212] |
| Mab114 | Monoclonal antibody | NIAID, United States | GP | Safe and well tolerated in phase I trial | [224] |
| MB-003 | Monoclonal antibody cocktail | - | GP | 120 h delayed intervention protected 40% NHP | [225] |
| U18666A | Cationic sterol | - | ebolavirus-NPC1 interaction | Almost 100% efficacy in vitro | [38] |
| ZMAb | Monoclonal antibody cocktail | - | GP | 100% in NHP given three doses in six days starting 24 h after infection | [226] |
| ZMapp | Monoclonal antibody cocktail | NIAID, United States, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone | GP | Completed phase I/100% in NHP when administered five days post-infection | [227] |
| MIL77E | Monoclonal antibody cocktail | - | GP | 100% in NHP when give 72 h post infection | [228] |
* Responsible party is the collaborator responsible for clinical trial. Location specifies the area where clinical trial (if any) was conducted. In case no clinical trial has been reported as yet, no responsible party or location has been mentioned.