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. 2020 Oct 31;21:74. doi: 10.1186/s40360-020-00451-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Effect of Tiotropium/olodaterol on CSE-mediated autophagy in BEAS-2B cells in short term treatment. a BEAS-2B cells were pretreated with tiotropium/olodaterol for 4 h, followed by treatment with or without 2.5 and 5% CSE for 6 h. AVO staining and flow cytometry analysis were then performed. AO accumulates and aggregates are characterized by yellow-orange fluorescence, and normal cells with AO are characterized by green fluorescence. b Western blot analysis of the expression of LC3 and Beclin 1 in BEAS-2B cells. *P < 0.05 versus 5% CSE-treated group. Tio: tiotropium; Olo: Olodaterol