Table 4.
Respiratory settings of patients with severe COVID-19.
| Respiratory settings | All patients (n = 45) |
|---|---|
| Oxygen therapy by mask/nasal cannula (%) | 6 (13.3) |
| Mask/nasal cannula to HFNC (%) | 6 (100) |
| Mask/nasal cannula to NIV (%) | 0 |
| HFNC (%) | 37 (82.2) |
| Flow rates (L/min) | 50 (40–50) |
| Fio2 (%) | 50 (45–60) |
| HFNC to NIV (%) | 6 (16.2) |
| HFNC to intubation (%) | 13 (35.1) |
| Duration of HFNC before intubation (day) | 2.5 (1.0–5.3) |
| Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (%) | 17 (37.8) |
| BiPAP (%) | 17 (100) |
| Fio2 (%) | 42.5 (40–50) |
| NIV to intubation (%) | 7 (41.2) |
| Duration of NIV before intubation (day) | 1 (1, 3) |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation (%) | 20 (44.4) |
| A/C (%) | 17 (85) |
| SIMV (%) | 3 (15) |
| Tidal volume, PBW (mL/kg) | 7.00 ± 0.59 (n = 14) |
| PEEP (cm H2O) | 10.0 (9.0–10.5) |
| Fio2 (%) | 67.5 (60.0–71.3) |
| Lung recruitment (%) | 6 (30) |
| Prone position ventilation (%) | 5 (25) |
| Sedation and analgesia (%) | 20 (44.4) |
| Neuromuscular blocking agents (%) | 8 (17.8) |
| Vasoconstrictive agents (%) | 15 (33.3) |
| ECMO (%) | 10 (22.2) |
| CRRT (%) | 5 (11.1) |
| Weaning from intubation before April 20 (%) | 14 (70) |
| Weaning from ECMO before April 20 (%) | 6 (60) |
| ICU discharge before April 20 (%) | 35 (77.8) |
| ICU stay | 17.5 (10.3–32.8) (n = 35) |
| Hospital discharge before April 20 (%) | 31 (68.9) |
| Hospital stay | 24.0 (20.0, 37.5) (n = 31) |
| 60-day mortality (%) | 2 (4.4) |
All values were taken at intubation or at the time receiving NIV or HFNC.
A/C, assist-control ventilation; SIMV, synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; BiPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; ICU, intensive care unit. NIV, Non-invasive ventilation; HFNC, High-flow Nasal Cannula.