Table.

Antitumor drugs suppressing various components of the EMF signaling pathways (see detailed explanation in the text)

Drug	Target	Clinical trials	Disease
Vismodegib	Smoothened (Shh signaling pathway)	Approved	Metastatic, inoperable, radiotherapy-resistant form of basal cell carcinoma
Temsirolimus and everolimus	mTOR (PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway)	Approved	Renal carcinoma, relapse of lymphoma resistant to other types of therapy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Galunisertib	TGFβRI	Phase 1 Phase 2 and 3	metastatic form of pancreatic cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome
Fresolimumab	TGFβ	Phase 2	Metastatic breast cancer, melanoma, kidney carcinoma, malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung carcinoma
Tarextumab	Notch	Phase 1b/2	Stage IV pancreatic cancer
Vantictumab	Frizzled	Phase 1	Stage IV pancreatic cancer, NSCLC, metastatic breast cancer
Harmine	TWIST1	Preclinical evaluation	NSCLC