Table 1.
Characteristics of Medicare Decedents with HIV.
| Variables | Any hospice |
No hospice |
Total |
Range | Test statistica | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24.6% (n = 338) | 75.4% (n = 1037) | 100% (n = 1375) | ||||
| Demographic | ||||||
| Age (%, n) | 3.5102 | .173 | ||||
| <55 | 78.1% (264) | 82.5% (855) | 81.4% (1119) | — | ||
| 55-64 | 10.4% (35) | 9.0% (93) | 9.3% (128) | — | ||
| ≥65 | 11.5% (39) | 8.6% (89) | 9.3% (128) | — | ||
| Sex (%, n) | 2.9608 | .085 | ||||
| Male | 89.1% (301) | 85.3% (885) | 86.3% (1186) | — | ||
| Female | 11.0% (37) | 14.7% (152) | 13.8% (189) | — | ||
| Race/Ethnicity (%, n) | 9.8568 | .020 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 64.2% (217) | 55.5% (576) | 57.7% (793) | — | ||
| Non-Hispanic African American | 20.4% (69) | 25.1% (260) | 23.9% (329) | — | ||
| Hispanic | 14.2% (48) | 16.3% (169) | 15.8% (217) | — | ||
| Non-Hispanic other race | 1.2% (4) | 3.1% (32) | 2.6% (36) | — | ||
| Enrollment type (%, n) | .4612 | .497 | ||||
| Dual | 69.2% (234) | 71.2% (738) | 70.7% (972) | — | ||
| Medicare only | 30.8% (104) | 28.8% (299) | 29.3% (403) | — | ||
| Lives in large urban area (%, n) | 1.0591 | .303 | ||||
| No | 3.6% (12) | 2.6% (26) | 2.8% (38) | — | ||
| Yes | 96.4% (319) | 97.5% (994) | 97.2% (1313) | — | ||
| Year of death | 0.3392 | .844 | ||||
| 2008 | 29.9% (101) | 31.4% (326) | 31.1% (427) | — | ||
| 2009 | 34.3% (116) | 33.0% (342) | 33.3% (458) | — | ||
| 2010 | 35.8% (121) | 35.6% (369) | 35.6% (490) | — | ||
| Disease comorbidity | ||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score (mean) | 4.8 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 0-18 | −5.6230 | <.001 |
| Any cancer diagnosis (%, n) | 81.1579 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 52.4% (177) | 77.8% (807) | 71.6% (984) | — | ||
| Yes | 47.6% (161) | 22.2% (230) | 28.4% (391) | — | ||
| Any hospitalization in last 6 months of life (%, n) | 2.9589 | .085 | ||||
| No | 16.3% (55) | 20.5% (213) | 19.5% (268) | — | ||
| Yes | 83.7% (283) | 79.5% (824) | 80.5% (1107) | — | ||
| Medical expenditures in last year of life (in 2010 dollars) (mean) | ||||||
| Total (Months 1-12) | $175,578 | $166,794 | $168,953 | $169-$882,258 | −1.014 | .311 |
| Last 6 months (Months 1-6) | ||||||
| Total expenditures | $111,588 | $108,382 | $109,170 | $0-$775,900 | −2.282 | .023 |
| Inpatient | $55,707 | $66,131 | $63,568 | $0-$762,065 | 0.900 | .368 |
| Inpatient, conditional | $66,534 | $83,225 | $78,958 | $4-$762,065 | 2.837 | .005 |
| Non-inpatient | $55,881 | $42,252 | $45,602 | $0-$479,084 | −7.075 | <.001 |
| Hospice | $10,373 | $0 | $2,549 | $0-$172,129 | −36.103 | <.001 |
| Outpatient | $16,094 | $15,160 | $15,390 | $0-$154,977 | −1.256 | .209 |
| Drugs | $14,434 | $14,415 | $14,420 | $0-$186,490 | −0.225 | .822 |
| SNF/LTC | $11,465 | $10,457 | $10,705 | $0-$202,241 | −2.466 | .014 |
| Home care | $2483 | $1200 | $1515 | $0-$403,263 | −2.381 | .017 |
| DME | $1032 | $1018 | $1022 | $0-$95,281 | −2.206 | .027 |
| First 6 months (Months 7-12) | ||||||
| Total expenditures | $63,989 | $58,412 | $59,783 | $0-$914,381 | −2.995 | .003 |
| Inpatient | $23,384 | $24,025 | $23,867 | $0-$886,288 | −1.886 | .059 |
| Inpatient, conditional | $45,952 | $54,161 | $51,927 | $12-$886,288 | 0.230 | .818 |
| Non-inpatient | $40,605 | $34,387 | $35,609 | $0-$291,359 | −3.205 | .001 |
| Hospice | $1,843 | $0 | $453 | $0-$137,611 | −9.360 | <.001 |
| Outpatient | $13,919 | $12,503 | $12,851 | $0-$149,675 | −1.577 | .115 |
| Drugs | $15,219 | $14,969 | $15,030 | $0-$219,049 | −0.286 | .775 |
| SNF/LTC | $7203 | $5106 | $5621 | $0-$202,797 | −2.063 | .039 |
| Home care | $1515 | $1027 | $1147 | $0-$285,175 | −1.429 | .153 |
| DME | $907 | $782 | $813 | $0-$130,028 | −0.772 | .440 |
a
Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables, Chi-square test for dichotomous variables.