Table 3.
Multilevel models for individual and country-level factors affecting dental academics knowledge of COVID-19
| Factors | Unconditional modela | Full modelb B (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual factors | |||
| Age | 25–35 versus > 65 | – | 0.28 (−0.47, 1.02) |
| > 35–45 versus > 65 | 0.15 (−0.60, 0.90) | ||
| > 45–55 versus > 65 | −0.21 (− 0.98, 0.56) | ||
| > 55–65 versus > 65 | − 0.39 (−1.18, 0.41) | ||
| Living arrange | With parents versus alone | 0.02 (− 0.52, 0.57) | |
| With partner/ spouse versus alone | 0.48 (0.03, 0.92)* | ||
| Shared accommodation versus alone | 0.12 (−0.69, 0.94) | ||
| Other verses alone | −0.25 (− 0.99, 0.49) | ||
| Specialty | Specialist versus non-specialist | 0.34 (−0.06, 0.75) | |
| Highest degree obtained | PhD versus BDS | 0.48 (0.07, 0.89)* | |
| MSc versus BDS | 0.29 (−0.12, 0.70) | ||
| Number of students per semester | 1–49 versus none | 0.52 (−0.14, 1.18) | |
| 50–100 versus none | 0.38 (−0.27, 1.04) | ||
| 101–200 versus none | 0.16 (−0.46, 0.78) | ||
| 201+ versus none | 0.50 (−0.13, 1.12) | ||
| Number of patients seen daily | 1–10 versus none | 0.55 (−0.06, 1.17) | |
| 11–20 versus none | −0.04 (− 0.69, 0.61) | ||
| 21–30 versus none | 0.65 (0.15, 1.16)* | ||
| 31+ versus none | 0.22 (−0.25, 0.68) | ||
| Country factor | |||
| COVID-19 cases per million | 0.0007 (0.0005, 0.0008)* | ||
| Residual | 15.17 | 9.78 | |
| Deviance | 15,670.16 | 10,488.18 | |
| P of X2 of improved fit | – | < 0.0001* | |
| Increase in R2 | – | 35.5% | |
a: Unconditional model: no explanatory factors included- country included as a random effect
b: Full model: individual and country factors included with mutual adjustment- country included as a random effect
Abbreviations: B Adjusted regression estimates, CI Confidence interval