Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and neuropsychological assessment for all groups
| vmPFC (n = 8) | BDC (n = 10) | HC (n = 10) | Test | df | p | ηp2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (years) | 57.25 ± 6.25 | 51.10 ± 14.37 | 67.90 ± 7.87 | F = 6.69 | 2, 25 | 0.005+ | 0.34 |
| Education (years) | 10.5 ± 2.67 | 13.30 ± 4.37 | 13.00 ± 2.45 | F = 1.83 | 2, 25 | 0.18 | 0.12 |
| Chronicity (years) | 5.87 ± 4.94 | 2.80 ± 2.20 | F = 3.13 | 1, 16 | 0.09 | 0.16 | |
| Sex (M/F) | 6/2 | 6/4 | 4/6 | χ2 = 1.27 | 2 | 0.32 | |
| Neuropsychological assessment | |||||||
| Raven Progressive Matrices* | 3.05 ± 0.75 | 3 ± 1.09 | 1.02 | 1, 12 | 0.33 | 0.07 | |
| Stroop Test* | 2.25 ± 1.91 | 2.5 ± 1.04 | 0.08 | 1, 12 | 0.77 | 0.007 | |
| Towers of London# | 99.14 ± 16.40 | 104 ± 13.56 | 0.33 | 1, 11 | 0.57 | 0.02 | |
| Digit Span* | 3.75 ± 0.46 | 3.16 ± 1.60 | 0.97 | 1, 12 | 0.34 | 0.07 | |
| Phonemic Fluency* | 3.25 ± 1.16 | 3.16 ± 1.32 | 0.02 | 1, 12 | 0.90 | 0.001 | |
| Semantic Fluency* | 3.75 ± 0.74 | 3.66 ± 0.81 | 0.48 | 1, 12 | 0.49 | 0.03 |
All measures are reported as mean ± SD, except for Sex, which is reported as frequency. M, Male; F, female.
*Equivalent score.
#Standard score.
+Post hoc analysis reported a significant difference between BDC and HC groups, p = 0.01 and vmPFC group versus HC group, p = 0.02; vmPFC group versus BDC group was not significant p = 0.8.