Table 3.
Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (confirmed or suspected) in the multivariate regression analysis.
| Characteristic | No infection (n = 610) |
Infection (n = 45) |
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suspected (n = 33) | Confirmed (n = 12) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 372 (91.6) | 24 (6.2) | 9 (2.2) | – | |
| Male, n (%) | 238 (95.2) | 9 (3.6) | 3 (1.2) | 0.57 (0.28–1.09) | |
| Age, mean ± sd | 51.5 ± 13.3 | 44.8 ± 13.0 | 46.4 ± 14.6 | 0.96 (0.94–0.99)** | 0.97 (0.94–0.99)** |
| Disease | |||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 122 (94.6) | 3 (2.3) | 4 (3.1) | – | |
| Psoriatic arthritis, n (%) | 47 (90.4) | 4 (7.7) | 1 (1.9) | 1.85 (0.53–6.10) | |
| Spondyloarthritis, n (%) | 441 (92.8) | 26 (5.7) | 7 (1.5) | 1.30 (0.60–3.28) | |
| Health professionals | |||||
| No, n (%) | 529 (94.1) | 23 (4.3) | 9 (1.6) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 81 (86.2) | 10 (10.6) | 3 (3.2) | 2.65 (1.30–5.16)** | 1.71 (0.78–3.61) |
| Profession with public contact | |||||
| No, n (%) | 367 (95.3) | 12 (3.4) | 5 (1.3) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 243 (89.7) | 21 (7.7) | 7 (2.6) | 2.49 (1.35–4.73)** | 1.73 (0.87–3.48) |
| Smokers, | |||||
| No, n (%) | 509 (92.0) | 31 (5.8) | 12 (2.2) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 101 (98.1) | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0.23 (0.04–0.78)* | 0.18 (0.03–0.61)* |
| BMI, mean ± sd | 25.6 ± 5.3 | 25.0 ± 4.7 | 25.0 ± 5.0 | 0.98 (0.91–1.03) | |
| At least one comorbiditya, n (%) | |||||
| No, n (%) | 389 (92.2) | 26 (6.2) | 7 (1.6) | ||
| Yes, n (%) | 221 (94.8) | 7 (3.0) | 5 (2.1) | 0.64 (0.31–1.23) | |
| Number of comorbiditiesa, mean ± sd | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ±0.8 | 0.81 (0.49–1.23) | |
| NSAIDs | |||||
| No, n (%) | 313 (92.9) | 17 (5.0) | 7 (2.1) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 297 (93.4) | 16 (5.0) | 5 (1.6) | 0.92 (0.50–1.69) | |
| Corticosteroids | |||||
| No, n (%) | 511 (93.4) | 26 (4.8) | 10 (1.8) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 99 (91.7) | 7 (6.5) | 2 (1.9) | 1.29 (0.57–2.65) | |
| cDMARDs | |||||
| No, n (%) | 465 (93.6) | 26 (5.2) | 6 (1.2) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 145 (91.8) | 7 (4.4) | 6 (3.8) | 1.30 (0.64–2.49) | |
| bDMARDs | |||||
| No, n (%) | 233 (93.2) | 13 (5.2) | 4 (1.6) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 377 (93.1) | 20 (4.9) | 8 (2.0) | 1.02 (0.55–1.94) | |
| At least one SARS-CoV-2 exposure | |||||
| No, n (%) | 423 (95.1) | 15 (3.4) | 7 (1.5) | – | |
| Yes, n (%) | 187 (89.0) | 18 (8.6) | 5 (2.4) | 2.36 (1.28–4.37)** | 1.92 (1.01–3.62)* |
sd: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; cDMARDs: conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; bDMARDs: biological conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; tsDMARDs: targeted synthetic conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
a
Among the following comorbidities (past or present): cardiovascular disease (stroke, heart failure), hypertension, diabetes, asthma, renal failure, respiratory insufficiency, cancer, hematologic malignancy, HIV, HBV or HCV infection, cirrhosis, sickle cell anemia, splenectomy, organ transplant.
*
P ≤ 0.05.
**
P ≤ 0.01