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. 2019 Jun 3;76(4):451–455. doi: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.03.001

Table 2.

Association between nomophobia and variables.

Variables Nomophobia
χ2p value
Mild, n = 70 (%) Moderate, n = 303 (%) Severe, n = 78 (%) Total, N = 451 (%)
Age group (years)
 17–20 18 (15.1) 80 (67.2) 21 (17.7) 119 (26.4) 12.2
 20–23 38 (14.8) 184 (71.6) 35 (13.6) 257 (57.0) 0.016*
 23–26 14 (18.7) 39 (52.0) 22 (29.3) 75 (16.6)
Gender
 Male 29 (17.0) 109 (63.7) 33 (19.3) 171 (37.9) 1.49
 Female 41 (14.6) 194 (69.3) 45 (16.1) 280 (62.1) 0.474
MBBS semester
 First 14 (16.3) 60 (69.8) 12 (13.9) 86 (19.1)
 Third 11 (11.3) 65 (67.7) 20 (20.8) 96 (21.3) 9.38
 Fifth 12 (12.1) 75 (75.8) 12 (12.1) 99 (21.9) 0.311
 Seventh 19 (19.8) 57 (59.4) 20 (20.8) 96 (21.3)
 Ninth 14 (18.9) 46 (62.2) 14 (18.9) 74 (16.4)
Duration of SM use
 <3 years 31 (14.6) 145 (68.4) 36 (17.0) 212 (47.0) 0.32
 ≥3 years 39 (16.3) 158 (66.1) 42 (17.6) 239 (53.0) 0.853
Mobile data plan
 Yes 66 (15.1) 294 (67.5) 76 (17.4) 436 (96.7) 1.5
 No 04 (26.7) 09 (60.0) 02 (13.3) 15 (3.3) 0.472
Average time spend on SM (hrs)
 <3 35 (20.5) 117 (68.4) 19 (11.1) 171 (37.9) 10.5
 ≥3 35 (12.5) 186 (66.4) 59 (21.1) 280 (62.1) 0.005*
Average time you check your SM per day
 Up to 10 times 40 (20.9) 123 (64.4) 28 (14.7) 191 (42.4) 7.99
 >10 times 30 (11.5) 180 (69.3) 50 (19.2) 260 (57.6) 0.018*
How often you check your SM (hrs)
 ≤1 32 (11.9) 183 (68.3) 53 (19.8) 268 (59.5) 7.95
 >1 38 (20.7) 120 (65.6) 25 (13.7) 183 (40.5) 0.019*
Calls made/day
 Up to 3 49 (19.3) 174 (68.5) 31 (12.2) 254 (56.3) 14.2
 >3 21 (10.6) 129 (65.5) 47 (23.9) 197 (43.7) 0.001*
Calls received/day
 Up to 3 47 (18.9) 168 (67.8) 33 (13.3) 248 (55.0) 9.27
 >3 23 (11.3) 135 (66.5) 45 (22.2) 203 (45.0) 0.010*
Message sent/day
 Up to 20 55 (19.2) 184 (64.4) 47 (16.4) 286 (63.4) 8.21
 >20 15 (9.1) 119 (72.1) 31 (18.8) 165 (36.6) 0.016*
Message received/day
 Up to 20 46 (19.7) 153 (65.7) 34 (14.6) 233 (51.7) 7.74
 >20 24 (11.0) 150 (68.8) 44 (20.2) 218 (48.3) 0.021*
Smartphone apps
 Up to 25 55 (16.0) 232 (67.6) 56 (16.4) 343 (76.1) 1.06
 >25 15 (13.9) 71 (65.7) 22 (20.4) 108 (23.9) 0.587

SM, smartphone.

*Significant at p < 0.05.