Figure 2.

A) Depiction of whole-brain voxelwise clusters exhibiting a Habituation x PTSD severity x Estradiol level interaction during two learning blocks of a context-cued fear conditioning and extinction task, identified using Linear Mixed Effects modeling. Habituation was determined using the difference between BOLD activation throughout Learning Block 1 and Learning Block 2, PTSD severity was determined using the CAPS for DSM-5, and salivary estradiol level was determined using ELISA assay. Table 2 provides sizes and coordinates of significant clusters of activation. B) Corresponding depiction of whole-brain voxelwise clusters exhibiting a Habituation x PTSD severity interaction specifically among low estradiol (L-EST) participants, identified via median split. As can be seen, the analysis among only the L-EST participants demonstrates overlap with omnibus LME (Figure 2A) in the left anterior insula and dmPFC, among other regions. This analysis also demonstrates the direction of the effect in the omnibus LME: that increasing PTSD symptom severity is associated with lower Habituation.