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. 2020 May 29;9(2):483–493. doi: 10.1007/s40120-020-00193-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ .

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Fig. 1 — ARR in the 12 months before and 36 months after DMF initiation for the non-black/non-AA population, the black/AA cohort, and the black/AA IFN/GA switch subgroup. AA African American, ARR annualized relapse rate, DMF dimethyl fumarate. GA glatiramer acetate, IFN interferon. ^aPatients with missing relapse-rate data 12 months before DMF initiation were excluded from the ARR analysis. ARRs were obtained by fitting a repeated-measure negative binomial model