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Physicochemical properties of untreated RH and RB.
| Physicochemical properties | Untreated RH | RB |
|---|---|---|
| Bulk density (kg/m3) | 83.34 | 180 |
| Moisture content (%) | 7.5 | 4.2 |
| Carbon (%) | 25.9 | 47.2 |
| Hydrogen (%) | 4.7 | 4.2 |
| Nitrogen (%) | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| Sulphur (%) | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| H:C | 0.18 | 0.08 |
| C:N | 43.16 | 52.44 |
| Higher heating value (MJ/kg) | 14.53 | 20.27 |
| Lower heating value (MJ/kg) | 13.27 | 19.02 |
| Energy density (GJ/m3) | 6.05 | 10.28 |
| Fuel value index (FVI) | 807.70 | 2448.44 |
| Biomass characteristic index (BCI) | 38,549.38 | 48,582.10 |
