Table 3.

Behavioral phenotypes present in various mouse models carrying 16p11.2 deletion (16p11.2^+/−) or duplication (16p11.2^dp/+).

Ref.	Mouse origin/genetic interval	Behavioral Phenotypes
	16p11.2+/− mice
[5]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Reduced body size/body weight  • Hyperlocomotion
[62]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Barnes maze deficits  • Reduced social approach
[61]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Reduced body weight  • More complex locomotor trajectory/shorter latency to approach stimulus  • Deficits in righting from upside-down position  • Normal 3 chamber social preference/social novelty recognition  • Normal startle/pre-pulse inhibition (PPI)
[67]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Delayed learning in FR1 continuous reinforcement nose-poke task (males only)  • Earlier response termination in a progressive ratio nose-poke task (males only)  • Deficits in the five-choice serial reaction time test (5-CSRTT)  • No difference in sucrose preference test
[70]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Hyperlocomotion over 24-hour period (both sexes).  • Reduced sleep time (males only) and less time in NREM sleep (REM normal)
[66]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Reduced open arm time in the elevated plus maze  • Novel object recognition deficits
[65]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Deficits in contextual fear conditioning (reduced freezing).  • Impaired memory acquisition and extinction in inhibitory avoidance task
[64]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Impaired object recognition memory  • Reduced freezing in context-dependent aversive learning task  • Open field hyperlocomotion
[64]	Dolmetsch lab Coro1a-Spn	• Deficient object location memory  • Reduced male-to-female nose-to-nose/nose-to-anogenital sniffing, following time, following bouts, and ultrasonic vocalizations.  • Normal open field locomotion
[4]	Dolmetsch lab Coro1a-Spn	• Reduced body length/body weight  • Severely impaired startle response  • Lack of gait fluidity; frequent tremor  • Hyperlocomotion in home cage and in an activity chamber  • Increased hanging; reduced grooming; reduced resting; increased circling behavior  • Impaired novel object recognition
[63]	Dolmetsch lab Coro1a-Spn	• Reduced body weight  • Reduced male-to-female anogenital sniff, follow time, and ultrasonic vocalizations (mixed-genotype housed only)  • Increased open arm time in elevated plus maze (mixed-genotype housed only)  • Reduced immobility time in tail suspension test (mixed-genotype housed only)  • Impaired novel object recognition (mixed-genotype housed only)  • Impaired object location memory (mixed-genotype housed only)  • Increased arena exploration  • Normal 3 chamber social preference
[60]	Dolmetsch lab Coro1a-Spn	• Reduced body weight  • Reduced male-female ultrasonic vocalizations, anogenital sniff, and follow  • Severe deficits in startle response and pre-pulse inhibition  • Deafness, confirmed via auditory brainstem response test  • Delayed hot plate response (reduced pain sensitivity)  • Normal olfaction
[68]	Dolmetsch lab Coro1a-Spn	• Impaired novel object recognition  • Impaired object location memory  • Mild social novelty recognition deficits  • Delayed acquisition & reversal in a touch screen discrimination task  • Inability to swim  • Normal contextual and cued fear conditioning
[59]	Herault lab Sult1a1-Spn	C57BL/6N inbred background  • Increased dark cycle vertical activity  • Increased time in center of open field  • Increased jumping and rearing  • Impaired object recognition memory  • Increased hindlimb errors in notched bar test.  • Normal social interaction
		C57BL/6N-C3B hybrid background  • Increased dark cycle ambulatory/vertical activity and light cycle vertical activity  • Increased climbing behavior  • Reduced social interaction  • Impaired object recognition memory  • Normal rotarod motor coordination  • Normal open field locomotion and time in center
	16p11.2dp/+ mice
[5]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Hypolocomotion  • Increased grooming
[72]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• 3 chamber social preference deficits (normal social novelty recognition)  • Social approach deficits  • Temporal order recognition memory (TORM) deficits  • Increased self-grooming  • Hypolocomotion.  • Normal novel object recognition (NOR)  • Normal startle response/PPI  • Lack of MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion  • Normal elevated plus maze and rotarod
[73]	Mills lab Slx1b-Sept1	• Hypolocomotion (males only)  • Reduced time in center of open field (males only)  • Reduced ratio of open:closed arm time in elevated plus maze (males only)  • Normal startle response  • Reduced PPI (females only)  • Increased distance between cagemates  • Reduced time spent in close proximity to cagemates  • Impaired performance in “N-back” WM task  • Impaired performance in continuous performance task
[59]	Herault lab Sult1a1-Spn	C57BL/6N inbred background  • Reduced light cycle ambulatory/vertical activity and dark cycle vertical activity  • Open field hypolocomotion and reduced time in center  • Enhanced object recognition memory  • Normal social interaction  • Normal motor coordination in notched bar test
		C57BL/6N-C3B hybrid background  • Reduced dark cycle vertical activity  • Reduced social interaction  • Decreased climbing behavior  • Enhanced object recognition memory  • Normal open field locomotion/time in center  • Normal rotarod motor coordination