Table 1.
Distribution of selected population characteristics and exposure variables by ethnicity (N = 151)
| Total | Ethnicity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) N = 151 |
Non-Native American n (%) n = 54 |
Native American n (%) n = 97 |
p-value2 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 112 (74.17) | 40 (74.07) | 72 (74.23) | |
| Male | 39 (25.83) | 14 (25.93) | 25 (25.77) | 0.984 |
| Age (years), mean (SD)2 | 51.85 (14.58) | 52.33 (2.19) | 51.58 (1.40) | 0.7613 |
| Smoking status4 | ||||
| Never | 43 (35.54) | 22 (52.38) | 21 (26.58) | |
| Ever | 78 (64.46) | 20 (47.62) | 58 (73.42) | 0.005 |
| Education3 | ||||
| ≤ High school | 70 (48.95) | 45 (86.54) | 25 (27.47) | |
| > High school | 73 (51.05) | 7 (13.46) | 66 (72.53) | <0.001 |
| Marital status3 | ||||
| Married or domestic partnership | 81 (54.00) | 31 (57.41) | 50 (52.08) | |
| Single | 37 (24.67) | 12 (22.22) | 25 (26.04) | |
| Separated, widowed, or divorced | 32 (21.33) | 11 (20.37) | 21 (21.88) | 0.810 |
| Currently living on or near a contaminated waste or Superfund Site3 | ||||
| No | 73 (48.99) | 30 (56.60) | 43 (44.79) | |
| Yes | 76 (51.01) | 23 (43.40) | 53 (55.21) | 0.167 |
| Distance between home and Superfund Site3 | ||||
| Less than 100 feet | 22 (29.33) | 0 (0.00) | 22 (41.51) | |
| Less than two miles | 23 (30.67) | 5 (22.73) | 18 (33.96) | |
| Less than five miles | 18 (24.00) | 12 (54.55) | 6 (11.32) | |
| Greater than six miles | 12 (16.00) | 5 (22.73) | 7 (13.21) | <0.0014 |
| Duration of current residence (years), mean (SD)3 | 20.21 (17.77) | 17.48 (15.31) | 21.71 (18.91) | 0.165 |
| Ever worked near a contaminated waste or Superfund Site after 19643 | ||||
| No | 118 (78.67) | 49 (92.45) | 69 (71.13) | |
| Yes | 32 (21.33) | 4 (7.55) | 28 (28.87) | 0.0025 |
| Ever played or recreated regularly in the Superfund Site after 19643 | ||||
| No | 77 (50.66) | 45 (80.36) | 32 (33.33) | |
| Yes | 75 (49.34) | 11 (19.64) | 64 (66.67) | <0.001 |
| Lived, played regularly, or worked in an area where chemicals or contaminated waste was burned by yourself or others3 | ||||
| No | 104 (69.33) | 47 (88.68) | 57 (58.76) | |
| Yes | 46 (30.67) | 6 (11.32) | 40 (41.24) | <0.001 |
| Ever eaten food grown in a contaminated area3 | ||||
| No | 73 (48.67) | 46 (86.79) | 27 (27.84) | |
| Yes | 77 (51.33) | 7 (13.21) | 70 (72.16) | <0.001 |
| Exposure score, mean (SD)3 | 2.17 (1.58) | 0.97 (1.27) | 2.80 (1.35) | <0.0012 |
2
Pearson’s χ2 unless otherwise indicated
3
Two-sample t test with equal variances
4
Totals do not add up to N due to missing values
5
Fisher’s exact