Table 2.
Models of symptom intercepts and change in the NEDEN dataset for groups first assessed early or late
|
Early group |
Late group |
Early vs late p value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log10DUP coefficient (95% CI) | p value | Log10DUP coefficient (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Latent intercepts | |||||
| PANSS total | −2·909 (−5·860 to 0·041) | 0·053 | 1·271 (0·564 to 1·978) | 0·0004 | 0·018 |
| Negative | −0·029 (−0·102 to 0·044) | 0·40 | 0·015 (−0·005 to 0·034) | 0·14 | 0·30 |
| Psychosis | −0·017 (−0·055 to 0·022) | 0·39 | 0·052 (0·010 to 0·093) | 0·015 | 0·041 |
| Poor insight | −0·154 (−0·282 to −0·027) | 0·018 | −0·011 (−0·065 to 0·043) | 0·69 | 0·0042 |
| Depression | 0·099 (0·033 to 0·164) | 0·0028 | 0·008 (−0·010 to 0·026) | 0·38 | 0·0024 |
| Hostility | −0·057 (−0·110 to −0·004) | 0·034 | 0·009 (−0·024 to 0·042) | 0·60 | 0·076 |
| Excitement | −0·215 (−0·276 to −0·154) | <0·0001 | −0·015 (−0·050 to 0·021) | 0·42 | <0·0001 |
| Latent slopes | |||||
| PANSS total | 7·339 (5·762 to 8·916) | <0·0001 | 0·347 (−0·766 to 1·460) | 0·54 | <0·0001 |
| Negative | 0·064 (0·017 to 0·110) | 0·0066 | 0·007 (−0·021 to 0·035) | 0·61 | 0·029 |
| Psychosis | 0·205 (0·139 to 0·270) | <0·0001 | 0·031 (−0·010 to 0·072) | 0·19 | <0·0001 |
| Poor insight | 0·155 (0·054 to 0·256) | 0·0026 | 0·028 (−0·001 to 0·056) | 0·053 | 0·0054 |
| Depression | 0·056 (0·004 to 0·108) | 0·034 | 0·034 (0·008 to 0·061) | 0·011 | 0·42 |
| Hostility | 0·128 (0·051 to 0·206) | 0·0065 | −0·008 (−0·039 to 0·023) | 0·62 | 0·0046 |
| Excitement | 0·224 (0·159 to 0·289) | <0·0001 | −0·001 (−0·037 to 0·036) | 0·96 | <0·0001 |
All models are GCMs of the natural logarithm of the variable at each stage, clustered by centre, apart from PANSS total, which is a GCM of PANSS total without the natural logarithm. Models are adjusted for centre, sex, age, ethnic minority status, education, drug use, and living alone. Latent intercepts represent baseline symptom scores, with more positive coefficients indicating higher scores; latent slopes represent symptom change over follow-up, with more positive coefficients indicating reduced improvement (less negative symptom change). PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. GCM=growth curve model. DUP=duration of untreated psychosis.
Significance of test contrasting early and late group coefficients for log10DUP regressed against latent variable, indicative of delay reversal.