Table 3.
Models of symptom intercepts and change in the Outlook dataset for groups assessed early or late
|
Early group |
Late group |
Early vs late p value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log10DUP coefficient (95% CI) | p value | Log10DUP coefficient (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Latent intercepts | |||||
| PANSS total | −0·327 (−1·806 to 1·151) | 0·66 | 1·665 (0·395 to 2·935) | 0·010 | 0·0053 |
| Negative | −0·008 (−0·041 to 0·024) | 0·61 | 0·009 (−0·009 to 0·026) | 0·35 | 0·45 |
| Psychosis | −0·003 (−0·068 to 0·063) | 0·93 | 0·052 (0·010 to 0·093) | 0·014 | 0·23 |
| Poor insight | 0·007 (−0·090 to 0·104) | 0·89 | −0·020 (−0·056 to 0·015) | 0·25 | 0·55 |
| Depression | 0·007 (−0·081 to 0·095) | 0·88 | 0·013 (−0·012 to 0·038) | 0·30 | 0·89 |
| Hostility | −0·022 (−0·054 to 0·010) | 0·18 | 0·047 (0·026 to 0·068) | <0·0001 | 0·0022 |
| Excitement | −0·071 (−0·142 to 0·001) | 0·052 | 0·005 (−0·019 to 0·030) | 0·66 | 0·048 |
| Latent slopes | |||||
| PANSS total | 3·846 (1·689 to 6·003) | 0·0005 | 0·876 (−0·083 to 1·835) | 0·073 | 0·026 |
| Negative | 0·044 (0·008 to 0·080) | 0·018 | 0·009 (−0·016 to 0·034) | 0·50 | 0·17 |
| Psychosis | 0·097 (0·009 to 0·185) | 0·032 | 0·024 (−0·005 to 0·052) | 0·099 | 0·19 |
| Poor insight | 0·071 (0·042 to 0·100) | <0·0001 | 0·027 (−0·016 to 0·069) | 0·22 | 0·039 |
| Depression | 0·059 (−0·010 to 0·128) | 0·094 | 0·045 (0·006 to 0·084) | 0·023 | 0·79 |
| Hostility | 0·050 (0·010 to 0·091) | 0·015 | −0·012 (−0·036 to 0·011) | 0·31 | 0·036 |
| Excitement | 0·058 (−0·006 to 0·121) | 0·076 | 1·665 (0·395 to 2·935) | 0·010 | 0·26 |
All models are GCMs of the natural logarithm of the variable at each stage, clustered by centre, apart from PANSS total, which is a GCM of PANSS total without the natural logarithm. Models are adjusted for centre, sex, age, ethnic group, education, drug use and living alone. Latent intercepts represent baseline symptom scores, with more positive coefficients indicating higher scores; latent slopes represent symptom change over follow-up, with more positive coefficients indicating reduced improvement (less negative symptom change). PANSS=Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. GCM=growth curve model. DUP=duration of untreated psychosis.
Significance of test contrasting early and late group coefficients for log10DUP regressed against latent variable, indicative of delay reversal.