Table 1.
Expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) in different tumor types.
| Cancer type | Expression | References | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tongue cancer | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2008b; Toyoda et al., 2014 | An independent prognostic factor |
| Oral squamous cell carcinoma | ↑ | Kim et al., 2004 | A more specific indicator of tumor progression |
| Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | ↑ | Honjo et al., 2016; Hashimoto et al., 2017 | The prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target |
| Thymic epithelial tumor | (+) | Kaira et al., 2009a | The immunohistochemical marker for carcinomas |
| Breast cancer | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2008b; El Ansari et al., 2018 | An independent risk factor |
| Malignant pleural mesothelioma | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2011a | Associated with poor outcome |
| Lung tumor | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2008a; Rosilio et al., 2015 | Associated with lymph node metastasis and poor outcome |
| Gastric carcinoma | ↑ | Ichinoe et al., 2011 | An independent prognostic factor |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | ↑ | Namikawa et al., 2015 | An independent and significant prognostic factor |
| Pancreatic cancer | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2012 | A significant prognostic factor |
| Biliary tract cancer | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2013a; Yanagisawa et al., 2014; Yothaisong et al., 2017 | A significant independent predictor |
| Colorectal cancer | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2008b; Hayase et al., 2017 | Associated with cancer cell proliferation via the mTOR pathway |
| Bladder tumors | ↑ | Xie et al., 2013 | An independent prognostic factor |
| Prostate cancer | ↑ | Wang et al., 2011 | Expression when hormone ablation and in metastatic lesions |
| Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | ↑ | Betsunoh et al., 2013 | Related to the invasive and progressive potential |
| Malignant glioma cells | ↑ | Nawashiro et al., 2006; Kobayashi et al., 2008; Haining et al., 2012 | The molecular target in glioma therapy |
| Endometrial carcinoma | ↑ | Marshall et al., 2016 | An effective therapeutic strategy |
| Ovarian clear cell carcinoma | ↑ | Sato et al., 2019 | Associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance |
| Cutaneous melanoma | ↑ | Shimizu et al., 2015 | An independent prognostic factor |
| Bone tumors | ↑ | Koshi et al., 2015 | |
| Soft tissue tumors | ↑ | Kaira et al., 2008b; Koshi et al., 2015 | |
| Lymphoblastic leukemia | ↑ | Rosilio et al., 2015 | An efficient broad-spectrum adjuvant approach |
↑ means increased expression; (+) means positive expression.