Fig. 1.

CONSORT diagram. The inclusion criteria were as follows: newly diagnosed GBM, no previous treatment from a lower grade glioma, signed informed consent. Diagnosis based upon WHO classification for brain cancers 2016. DNA was used to perform WES, SNP array, and Sanger seq, and RNA was used to perform RNA‐seq, expression, and fusion analyses. Only tissue preserved in RNA‐later or as snap‐frozen could be used to determine TERTp status and subtype division. meth; methylated; mut: mutated; WT, wild‐type.