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. 2020 Sep;230:113602. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113602

Table 5.

Adjusted and unadjusted relative risk ratios for contact with domestic animals versus household POU stored drinking water contamination with intestinal enterococci, as derived from multinomial regression.

Risk factor Unadj. bivariate regression
Adj. multivariate regression
Relative risk ratio (95% ci) P value Relative risk ratio (95% ci) P value
Medium contamination (10–99 CFU/100 ml)
Livestock observed in household compound:
Goats 1.03 (0.59–1.78) 0.926
Cattle 0.65 (0.38–1.11) 0.116
Dogs 0.66 (0.39–1.11) 0.117
Cats 1.24 (0.72–2.14) 0.436
Poultry 1.11 (0.50–2.48) 0.79
Poultry (confined in coop) 1.18 (0.66–2.12) 0.569 1.51 (0.67–3.38) 0.320
Poultry spend night by stored water 1.71 (0.99–2.96) 0.053
Signs of livestock in home 0.83 (0.46–1.51) 0.551
Water storage container accessible to animals
1.40 (0.85–2.32)
0.186


High contamination ( > = 100 CFU/100 ml)
Goats 1.13 (0.68–1.89) 0.629
Cattle 0.77 (0.47–1.27) 0.309
Dogs 0.99 (0.61–1.63) 0.983
Cats 1.69 (1.01–2.79) 0.042*
Poultry 2.36 (1.02–5.45) 0.044*
Poultry (confined in coop) 5.19 (2.64–10.21) 0.001** 4.46 (1.80–11.07) 0.001**
Poultry spend night by stored water 1.50 (0.90–2.52) 0.121
Signs of livestock in home 2.13 (1.14–3.98) 0.018*
Water storage container accessible to animals 2.01 (1.21–3.33) 0.007*

* = significant at the 0.05 level/** = significant at the 0.01 level.