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. 2020 Nov 3;152:104554. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104554

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© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 1 — Immunopathological similarities between influenza and COVID-19. The similarities between the two viruses are shown. Both infections eventually lead to pathological events and disorders such as fever, inflammation, lymphopenia, coagulation, DIC, gastrointestinal disorders, increased APPs, ARDS, multi-organ failure, and death. However, the severity of these symptoms can vary between the two infectious diseases. (SARS-CoV-2; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, S; spike, N; nucleoprotein, M; membrane, E; envelope), (Influenza, N; neuraminidase, H; hemagglutinin, M; membrane, E; envelope, NP; nucleoprotein), ss RNA; single strain RNA, ACE2; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DC-SIGN; dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin, APPs; acute phase proteins, ARDS; acute respiratory distress syndrome, DIC; disseminated intravascular coagulation.