Table 1.
Sea Lion Characteristic Table for California Sea Lions in This Studya
| control | lepto | p-value | statistic value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (Male/Female) | 7/1 | 10/1 | χ2 = 0.0572 | |
| Age Class | ||||
| Yearling | 1 | 1 | χ2 = 1.7119 | |
| Juvenile | 2 | 6 | ||
| Subadult | 4 | 3 | ||
| Adult | 1 | 1 | ||
| Serum Creatinine (SCr), mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1.1 ± 0.4 (N = 8) | 5.4 ± 2.3 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 0.000 |
| Range | 0.5–1.6 | 2.0–8.9 | ||
| BUN, mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 18 ± 6 (N = 8) | 293 ± 181 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 0.000 |
| Range | 9–26 | 129–804 | ||
| BUN/SCr | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 17.5 ± 5.8 (N = 8) | 60.8 ± 32.7 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 2.000 |
| Range | 12.0–30.2 | 21.8–118.2 | ||
| Plasma Na, mEq/L | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 149 ± 3 (N = 8) | 183 ± 18 (N = 10) | 0.002 | U = 5.000 |
| Range | 146–152 | 149–214 | ||
| Plasma Cl, mEq/L | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 108 ± 3 (N = 8) | 146 ± 13 (N = 9) | <0.001 | U = 0.000 |
| Range | 102–111 | 124–166 | ||
| Plasma Ca, mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 9.6 ± 0.4 (N = 8) | 8.6 ± 1.0 (N = 11) | 0.025 | U = 16.500 |
| Range | 9.0–10.1 | 7.3–10.2 | ||
| Plasma Phosphate, mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 5 ± 1 (N = 8) | 15 ± 9 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 0.000 |
| Range | 3–7 | 7–37 | ||
| Plasma K, mEq/L | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 4.4 ± 0.4 (N = 8) | 4.8 ± 3.9 (N = 10) | 0.037 | U = 16.000 |
| Range | 3.9–5.1 | 2.9–15.8 | ||
| Urine Specific Gravity | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1.034 ± 0.011 (N = 8) | 1.020 ± 0.002 (N = 9) | 0.013 | U = 10.000 |
| Range | 1.010–1.045 | 1.019–1.021 | ||
| Urine Osmolality, mOsm/kg | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 1214 ± 454 (N = 8) | 544 ± 83 (N = 10) | 0.009 | U = 10.000 |
| Range | 296–1577 | 420–661 | ||
| Urine Creatinine, mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 266 ± 175 (N = 8) | 57 ± 35 (N = 11) | 0.001 | U = 4.000 |
| Range | 72–513 | 20–136 | ||
| Urine Creatinine/Serum Creatinine | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 249 ± 137 (N = 8) | 11 ± 5 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 0.000 |
| Range | 60–516 | 4–21 | ||
| Urine Protein, mg/dL | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 39.0 ± 25.4 (N = 8) | 583.5 ± 1097.9 (N = 11) | 0.001 | U = 4.000 |
| Range | 12.7–83.8 | 56.6–3503.3 | ||
| Urine Protein/Urine Creatinine | ||||
| Mean ± SD | 0.26 ± 0.3 (N = 8) | 19.05 ± 42.4 (N = 11) | <0.001 | U = 2.000 |
| Range | 0.03–0.94 | 0.58–139.85 | ||
a
Statistical probabilities were calculated using Chi-square or Mann–Whitney U test. Data included are mean ± standard deviation (SD).