Table 2.
Grain yield, yield components, and number of tillers at 56 days after seeding (DAS) or transplanting (DAT) as influenced as by tillage and crop establishment and weed control options in rice in a rice-maize rotation in Northwestern Bangladesh.
| Variation sources | Grain yield (t ha−1)a | Panicles m−2 | Panicle length (cm) | Sterility (%) | 1,000 grain weight (g) | Tillers m−2a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year (Y) | ||||||
| 2010 | 4.72 a | 158.9 | 24.9 a | 22.9 b | 22.5 a | 166.2 |
| 2011 | 4.22 b | 156.5 | 24.8 ab | 24.8 a | 21.8 b | 165.6 |
| 2012 | 4.33 b | 154.1 | 24.2 b | 24.2 ab | 20.8 c | 165.3 |
| 2013 | 4.64 a | 151.0 | 24.2 b | 23.7 ab | 21.0 c | 161.8 |
| Tillage and crop establishment (TCE) | ||||||
| ZT-DSR | 4.48 a | 152.8 | 24.8 a | 23.4 b | 22.1 a | 162.9 |
| Puddled TPR | 4.48 b | 157.5 | 24.2 b | 24.4 a | 20.9 b | 166.5 |
| Weed management regime (WMR) | ||||||
| Weedy | 3.47 c | 132.7 b | 24.1 b | 24.7 a | 20.4 b | 143.4 b |
| MW | 4.86 b | 163.7 a | 24.9 a | 24.4 a | 22.0 a | 172.8 a |
| C + MW | 5.10 a | 169.0 a | 24.5 ab | 22.7 b | 22.1 a | 178.0 a |
| Y × TCE | ||||||
| 2010, ZT-DSR | 4.63 ab | 164.0 a | 25.3 | 21.7 | 23.3 | 171.4 a |
| 2011, ZT-DSR | 4.36 abc | 151.2 abc | 25.1 | 24.6 | 22.4 | 161.0 b |
| 2012, ZT-DSR | 4.38 abc | 148.7 bc | 24.5 | 24.2 | 21.4 | 160.6 b |
| 2013, ZT-DSR | 4.53 ab | 147.4 c | 24.5 | 23.1 | 21.4 | 158.6 b |
| 2010, Puddled TPR | 4.81 a | 153.9 abc | 24.4 | 24.1 | 21.7 | 161.0 b |
| 2011, Puddled TPR | 4.08 c | 161.9 ab | 24.4 | 25.1 | 21.1 | 170.1 b |
| 2012, Puddled TPR | 4.27 bc | 159.6 abc | 23.9 | 24.3 | 20.2 | 170.0 b |
| 2013, Puddled TPR | 4.74 a | 154.5 abc | 23.9 | 24.3 | 20.6 | 165.0 b |
| TCE × WMR | ||||||
| ZT-DSR Weedy | 3.01 e | 122.3 c | 24.4 | 24.1 a | 21.0 b | 134.0 c |
| ZT-DSR MW | 5.08 ab | 164.0 a | 25.2 | 24.6 a | 22.6 a | 173.9 a |
| ZT-DSR C + MW | 5.34 a | 172.0 a | 24.9 | 21.4 b | 22.8 a | 180.8 a |
| Puddled TPR Weedy | 3.93 d | 143.0 b | 23.8 | 25.2 a | 19.8 c | 152.7 b |
| TPR MW | 4.63 c | 163.4 a | 24.6 | 24.2 a | 21.5 b | 171.7 a |
| Puddled TPR C + MW | 4.86 bc | 166.0 a | 24.1 | 23.9 a | 21.4 b | 175.2 a |
| F-Values | ||||||
| Y | 10.6 *** | 1.9 NS | 5.1 *** | 3.9 *** | 28.9 *** | 0.7 NS |
| TCE | 0.0003 NS | 3.6 NS | 17.6 *** | 6.2 *** | 73.9 *** | 2.3 NS |
| WMR | 190.7 *** | 85.9 *** | 8.6 *** | 8.7 *** | 58.8 *** | 83.6 *** |
| Y × TCE | 2.6 *** | 4.1*** | 0.1 NS | 1.5 NS | 1.3 NS | 3.9 * |
| Y × WMR | 1.0 NS | 1.7 NS | 0.2 NS | 1.0 NS | 0.8 NS | 1.7 NS |
| TCE × WMR | 39.2 *** | 11.0 *** | 0.1 NS | 3.8 *** | 0.3 NS | 10.3 *** |
| Y × TCE × WMR | 0.7 NS | 1.2 NS | 0.02 NS | 0.8 NS | 0.5 NS | 1.2 NS |
Different letters in a column indicate statistically significant differences according to Tukey's HSD at alpha = 0.05; ***, ** and * indicates significances at P < 0.001, 0.01 and 0.05, respectively; NS indicates non-significance.
ZT-DSR = Zero-tilled direct seeded rice; Puddled TPR = Puddled transplanted rice; C + MW= Chemical followed by manual weeding; MW = Two hand weeding; Weedy = No weed control; Tillers m−2 and panicles m−2 were counted respectively at 56 DAS/DAT and at harvest of rice.
Data were square-transformed prior to analysis. Back transformed data are shown here.