Table 3.
Recent Published Immune Biomarkers With Clinical Use.
| Immune marker | Cancer type | Clinical use | Detection method | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M2 macrophages | Lung adenocarcinoma | Diagnosis and prognosis | Immunohistochemistry | Martínez F 200878
Hegab A 201879 Li Z 201880 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) | NSCLC | Prognosis and survival prediction | Blood cell count Kaplan-Meier analysis |
Zhang Y 201881
Phan T 201882 |
| CCL18 | NSCLC | Prognosis and survival prediction | ELISA | Plönes T 201286
Schmid S 201884 |
| IL-10 IL-2 IL-2R |
Breast | Diagnosis | qRT-PCR | Liu C 201890 |
| CRP | Breast | Diagnosis | ELISA | Kaur R 2019100 |
| TILs and PD-L1 | Breast NSCLC Lung |
Diagnosis | Immunohistochemistry H&E staining |
Gonzalez 202095
El-Guindy 201894 |
| TNF-a308 G/A | Breast | Significant association with breast cancer patients from north India. | PCR-RFLP | Ahmad MM 2020104 |
| MICA-129 Met/Val | Breast | An inherited genetic biomarker contributing to an increased breast cancer risk in Tunisian women. | Genotyped | Ouni N 2020105 |
| TMB status and PD-L1 expression | NSCLC Melanoma |
Prediction response to ICPis | Sequencing | Krieger T 202092 |
| IFNg | Breast | Cytokine signaling dysregulated | Phosphoflow cytometry | Wang L 202097 |
| CD163, PD-L1 and CD8 | Breast TNBC |
Breast cancer classification | Immunohistochemistry | Morgan E 202096 |
| CD73 | TNBC | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy response | Immunohistochemistry | Cerbelli B 2019103 |
| CCL20 and FOXP3 | Breast | Immune evasion in breast cancer. | Immunohistochemistry qRT-PCR |
Zhao X 2019102 |
| APOD, CXCL14, IL33 and LIFR | Breast | As biomarkers correlated with breast cancer prognosis | Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), multivariate COX analysis, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO), and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm | Li J 201998 |
| CCL5 | Breast | Prognosis | Cytometric bead-based immunoassay Immunohistochemistry |
Fujimoto Y 202088 |
| CXCL9 and CXCL13 | Breast TNBC |
Prognosis | qRT-PCR | Razis E 202089 |
| BTN3A2 | TNBC | Prognosis | Expression in extensive cancers were analyzed with Oncomine and TIMER databases. | Cai P 2020101 |