Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Location | Study design | N | Average age | Male | AKI(total) | AKI(ICU) | AKI(death) | RRT(total) | RRT(ICU) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang2020[13] | China | ROS | 138 | 56 | 75 (54.3%) | 5 (3.6%) | 3 (8.3%) | 2 (1.5%) | 2 (5.6%) | |
| Wang 2020 [14] | China | POS | 116 | 54 | 67 (57.8%) | 0 | 0 | |||
| Richardson 2020 [15] | USA | ROS | 5700 | 63 | 3437 (60.1%) | 1370 (24.0%) | 347 (62.7%) | 225 (3.9%) | ||
| Huang 2020 [16] | China | ROS | 41 | 49 | 30 (73.2%) | 3 (7.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | 3 (7.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | |
| Cheng 2020 [17] | China | POS | 701 | 63 | 367 (52.4%) | 36 (5.1%) | ||||
| Chen 2020 [18] | China | ROS | 274 | 62 | 171 (62.4%) | 29 (10.6%) | 28 (24.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | ||
| Guan 2020 [19] | China | ROS | 1099 | 42 | 640 (58.2%) | 6 (0.5%) | 9 (0.8%) | |||
| Alberici 2020 [20] | Italy | ROS | 20 | 59 | 16 (80.0%) | 6 (30.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | |||
| Yang 2020 [21] | China | ROS | 52 | 59.7 | 35 (67.3%) | 15 (28.8%) | 15 (28.8%) | 12 (37.5%) | 9 (17.3%) | 9 (17.3%) |
| Zhou 2020 [22] | China | ROS | 191 | 56 | 119 (62.3%) | 28 (14.7%) | 27 (50.0%) | 10 (5.2%) | ||
| Chen 2020 [23] | China | ROS | 99 | 55.5 | 67 (67.7%) | 3 (3.0%) | 9 (9.1%) | |||
| Arentz 2020 [24] | USA | ROS | 21 | 70 | 11 (52.4%) | 4 (19.1%) | 4 (19.1%) | |||
| Banerjee 2020 [25] | UK | ROS | 7 | 47.6 | 4 (57.1%) | 4 (57.1%) | ||||
| Deng 2020 [26] | China | ROS | 225 | NR | 124 (55.1%) | 20 (8.9%) | 20 (18.3%) | |||
| Guo 2020 [27] | China | ROS | 187 | 58.5 | 91 (48.7%) | 18 (9.6%) | ||||
| Lei 2020 [28] | China | ROS | 34 | 55 | 14 (41.2%) | 2 (5.9%) | 2 (13.3%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (6.7%) | |
| Shi 2020 [29] | China | ROS | 416 | 64 | 205 (49.3%) | 8 (1.9%) | 2 (0.5%) | |||
| Wang 2020 [30] | China | ROS | 107 | 51 | 57 (53.3%) | 14 (13.1%) | 14 (73.7%) | 4 (3.7%) | ||
| Zhang 2020 [31] | China | ROS | 221 | 55 | 108 (48.9%) | 10 (4.5%) | 5 (2.3%) | |||
| Zhang 2020 [32] | China | ROS | 645 | NR | 328 (50.9%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0 | |||
| Hu 2020 [33] | China | ROS | 323 | 61 | 166 (51.4%) | 17 (5.3%) | 10 (38.5%) | 72 (22.3%) | 4 (15.4%) | |
| Brill 2020 [34] | UK | ROS | 450 | 72 | 272 (60.4%) | 85 (18.9%) | 54 (31.2%) | |||
| Cheung 2020 [35] | USA | ROS | 10 | 79.7 | 2 (20.0%) | 1 (10.0%) | ||||
| Salacup 2020 [36] | USA | ROS | 242 | 66 | 123 (50.8%) | 24 (9.9%) | ||||
| Piva 2020 [37] | Italy | POS | 33 | 64 | 30 (90.9%) | 1 (3.4%) | 1 (3.4%) | |||
| Argenziano 2020 [38] | USA | ROS | 850 | NR | 511 (60.1%) | 288 (33.9%) | 184 (78.0%) | 117 (13.8%) | 83 (35.2%) | |
| Anish 2020 [39] | Canada | ROS | 117 | 69 | 79 (67.5%) | 16 (13.7%) | 16 (13.7%) | |||
| Aggarwal 2020 [40] | India | ROS | 32 | 54.5 | 19 (59.4%) | 13 (40.6%) | ||||
| Haydar 2020 [41] | USA | ROS | 242 | 66 | 123 (50.8%) | 26 (10.7%) | ||||
| Yi 2020 [42] | China | ROS | 54 | 63 | 33 (61.1%) | 2 (3.7%) | ||||
| Wan 2020 [43] | China | ROS | 135 | 47 | 72 (53.3%) | 5 (3.7%) | 5 (3.7%) | |||
| Nowak 2020 [44] | Poland | ROS | 169 | 63.7 | 87 (51.5%) | 17 (10.1%) | 10 (21.7%) | 1 (0.6%) | ||
| Goyal 2020 [45] | USA | ROS | 375 | 62.2 | 238 (63.5%) | 18 (4.8%) | ||||
| Hardy 2020 [46] | USA | ROS | 15 | 51 | 10 (66.7%) | 6 (40.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | |||
| Crespo 2020 [47] | Spain | ROS | 15 | 73.6 | 11 (73.3%) | 5 (33.3%) | 5 (71.4%) | 3 (20.0%) | ||
| Borobia 2020 [48] | Spain | ROS | 2226 | 61 | 1074 (48.2%) | 173 (7.8%) | 120 (26.1%) | |||
| Cravedi 2020 [49] | 12 centers | ROS | 144 | 62 | 94 (65.3%) | 74 (52.1%) | 26 (59.1%) | |||
| Husain-Syed 2020 [50] | Germany | POS | 23 | 60 | 19 (82.6%) | 12 (52.2%) | 10 (83.3%) | 3 (13.0%) | 3 (25.0%) | |
| Nair 2020 [51] | USA | ROS | 10 | 57 | 6 (60.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | ||||
| Akalin 2020 [52] | USA | ROS | 28 | 60 | 22 (78.6%) | 6 (21.4%) | ||||
| Wang 2020 [53] | China | ROS | 344 | 64 | 179 (52.0%) | 86 (25.0%) | 80 (60.2%) | 9 (2.6%) | ||
| Demir 2020 [54] | Turkey | ROS | 40 | 44.9 | 20 (50%) | 3 (7.5%) | ||||
| Li 2020 [8] | China | ROS | 193 | 57 | 95 (49.2%) | 55 (28.5%) | 7 (3.6%) | |||
| Zhao 2020 [55] | China | ROS | 77 | 52 | 34 (44.2%) | 2 (2.6%) | ||||
| Xiao 2020 [56] | China | ROS | 287 | 62 | 160 (55.7%) | 55 (19.2%) | ||||
| Jiang 2020 [57] | China | ROS | 55 | 45 | 27 (55.7%) | 3 (5.5%) | ||||
| Zheng 2020 [58] | China | ROS | 34 | 66 | 23 (67.6%) | 7 (20.6%) | 5 (14.7%) | |||
| Rubin 2020 [59] | France | ROS | 71 | 61.2 | 55 (77.5%) | 57 (80.3%) | 57 (80.3%) | 10 (14.1%) | 10 (14.1%) | |
| Almazeedi 2020 [60] | Kuwait | ROS | 1096 | 41 | 888 (81.0%) | 14 (1.3%) | 5 (0.5%) | |||
| Yang 2020 [61] | China | ROS | 463 | 60 | 231 (49.9%) | 35 (7.6%) | 19 (28.8%) | 10 (2,2%) | 9 (13.6%) | |
| Ayed 2020 [62] | Kuwait | ROS | 103 | 53 | 88 (85.4%) | 21 (20.4%) | 21 (20.4%) | |||
| Gaetano 2020 [63] | Italy | ROS | 307 | 65.2 | 219 (71.3%) | 69 (22.4%) | 24 (39.3%) | 5 (1.6%) | ||
| Shi 2020 [64] | China | ROS | 134 | 46 | 69 (51.5%) | 3 (2.2%) | 1 (0.7%) | |||
| Lubetzky 2020 [65] | USA | ROS | 39 | 59 | 31 (79.5%) | 20 (51.3%) | 5 (12.8%) | |||
| Chan 2020 [66] | USA | ROS | 3235 | 66.5 | 1868 (57.7%) | 1406(43.5%) | 280 (8.6%) | |||
| Pongpirul 2020 [67] | Thailand | ROS | 193 | 37 | 113 (58.5%) | 7 (6.3%) | 5 (83.3%) | |||
| Xu 2020 [68] | China | ROS | 45 | 56.7 | 29 (64.4%) | 7 (15.6%) | 4 (8.9%) | |||
| Yan 2020 [69] | China | ROS | 168 | 51 | 81 (48.2%) | 6 (3.6%) |
ROS: retrospective observational study; POS: prospective observational study; AKI: acute kidney injury; RRT: renal replacement therapy; ICU: intensive care unit;