Table 2.

Options for the diagnosis of frank diabetes and gestational diabetes in the first trimester.

	HbA1c	Basal plasma glucose	Random plasma glucose
Frank diabetes	≥ 6.5%	≥ 126 mg/dl	≥ 200 mg/dla
Gestational diabetes	≥ 5.9%b	≥ 100 mg/dlc	≥ 165−199 mg/dLd

^aConfirmation is required outside the pandemic situation, unless there are clinical signs.

^bConcordant criterion among the different guidelines as risk identifier in the first trimester2, 3, 4, 5. In our setting, in a study conducted at Hospital del Mar in Barcelona in a multiethnic population, HbA1c ≥5.9% in the first trimester was found in 3.9% of the population and was associated with fetal macrosomia and pre-eclampsia, regardless of the presence of GD¹³. Applying the same criterion to the subgroup of pregnant women at risk, a higher percentage is expected to be identified in the study group, though the figure will be lower in the general obstetric population.

^cBlood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl identifies ≃ 2% of the population and is associated with an increased risk of caesarean delivery and of a newborn large for gestational age/macrosomia, independently of the diagnosis of GD¹⁴.

^dProposed by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists².