Table 1.

GFs employed in pre-clinical trials.

Name	Advantage	Treating diseases
NGF	• Essential for neural regeneration and neurotrophic function	Diabetic peripheral neuropathy [139] Peripheral nerve injury [124]
FGF1	• Classic mitogenic and neuroprotective activities	Diabetes mellitus [140] Diabetic nephropathy [141]
FGF2	• Angiogenesis • Stimulating cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation	Wound healing [142] Diabetic foot [143] Spinal cord injury [144]
FGF21	• Facilitating glucose and lipid intake • Improving insulin sensitivity • Metabolic regulator	Obesity [145] Hyperlipidemia [146] Alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis [147]
NT-3	• Regulation of axonal and dendritic outgrowth, synapse formation and function • Promoting neuronal survival Enhancing neurite growth and axonal regeneration	Traumatic brain inury [148] Spinal cord injury [149]
BDNF	• Synapsis plasticity • Neuronal survival • Formation of new synapses	Depression [150] Metabolic disorders [151]
PDGF	• Modulation of neurogenesis, cell survival and synaptogenesis	Tumorigenesis [152] Alzheimer disease [153]