Table 1.

Summary of clinical trials evaluating alternate immune checkpoint targets presented in this review

Checkpoint Inhibitor	Trial	Treatment arms	Phase	Number of patients	Current status	Tumor
anti-TIM-3
	NCT03961971	+ Anti-PD-1 + stereotactic radiosurgery	I	15	Active, not recruiting	Recurrent GBM
	NCT03066648	Monotherapy	I	873	Active, recruiting	Leukemia
		+ Decitabine
		+ Anti-PD-1
		+ Decitabine + anti-PD-1
		Decitabine + anti-PD-1
	NCT02817633	Monotherapy	I		Active, recruiting	Advanced or metastatic solid tumors
		+ Anti-PD-1
		+ Anti-LAG-3
LAG-3Ig fusion protein
	Brignone et al. [40]	+ Paclitaxel (for breast cancer patients)	I/II	21	Complete	Advanced renal cell cancer and metastatic breast cancer
	Romano et al. [41]	+ MART-1 analog peptide vaccine	I	12	Complete	Advanced melanoma
	Wang-Gilliam et al. [42]	+ Gemcitabine	I	18	Complete	Advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Anti-LAG-3	Ascierto et al. [32••]	Monotherapy	I/IIa	43	Complete	Advanced melanoma
		+ Anti-PD-1
anti-TIGIT
	NCT04294810	+ Anti-PD-L1	III	500	Active, recruiting	Non-small cell lung cancer
		Placebo + anti-PD-L1
	NCT04256421	+ Anti-PD-L1 + carboplatin + etoposide	III	400	Active, recruiting	Small cell lung cancer
		Placebo + anti-PD-L1 + carboplatin + etoposide
	NCT04047862	+ Anti-PD-1	I/Ib	39	Active, recruiting	Metastatic solid tumors
	NCT04150965	Monotherapy	I/II	104	Active, not yet recruiting	Multiple myeloma
		+ Pomalidomide + dexamethasone
		Anti-LAG-3
		Anti-LAG-3 + pomalidomide + dexamethasone
		Elotuzumab (anti-SLAM-7) + pomalidomide + dexamethasone
anti-VISTA
	NCT02812875	None	I	300	Active, not recruiting	Advanced solid tumors or lymphomas
anti-B7-H3
	NCT02923180	None	II	33	Active, not recruiting	Prostate cancer
	NCT02475213	+ Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab or MGA012)	I	145	Active, not recruiting	Melanoma, head and neck cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, urothelial carcinoma
	NCT03275402	None	II/III	32	Active, recruiting	Neuroblastoma, CNS metastases, leptomeningeal metastases