Table 2.
Outcomes of genetic counseling on group level.
| Outcome measures | Group | N | M (SD) T0 | M (SD) T1 | M (SD) T2 | p (T0–T1) | p (T1–T2) | d (T0–T1) | d (T0–T2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empowerment | Total sample | 1419 | 91.37 (12.17) | 95.07 (11.83) | 97.58 (12.46) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.30 | 0.51 |
| Genetic condition | 568 | 89.81 (11.49) | 93.19 (11.86) | 95.80 (12.62) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.29 | 0.52 | |
| Pre-symptomatic | 678 | 93.21 (11.93) | 96.97 (11.47) | 99.15 (11.94) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.32 | 0.50 | |
| Children | 173 | 89.24 (14.10) | 93.83 (12.05) | 97.29 (13.21) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.33 | 0.57 | |
| Perceived personal control | Total sample | 1409 | 0.98 (0.44) | 1.06 (0.46) | 1.05 (0.50) | <.001* | 0.577 | 0.18 | 0.16 |
| Genetic condition | 563 | 0.93 (0.44) | 1.00 (0.46) | 0.97 (0.49) | <.001* | 0.154 | 0.16 | 0.09 | |
| Pre-symptomatic | 674 | 1.03 (0.46) | 1.11 (0.46) | 1.09 (0.51) | <.001* | 0.175 | 0.17 | 0.13 | |
| Children | 172 | 0.94 (0.38) | 1.02 (0.41) | 1.15 (0.44) | .011* | <.001* | 0.21 | 0.55 | |
| Anxiety | Total sample | 1430 | 11.64 (3.69) | 11.24 (3.51) | 10.80 (3.67) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.11 | 0.23 |
| Genetic condition | 579 | 12.23 (3.86) | 11.84 (3.69) | 11.49 (3.73) | <.001* | .004* | 0.10 | 0.19 | |
| Pre-symptomatic | 682 | 10.98 (3.40) | 10.59 (3.21) | 10.05 (3.47) | <.001* | <.001* | 0.11 | 0.27 | |
| Children | 169 | 12.24 (3.81) | 11.83 (3.61) | 11.47 (3.70) | .046* | 0.111 | 0.11 | 0.20 |
*p < .05; d = 0.2 small effect size, d = 0.5 medium effect size, d = 0.8 large effect size.