Table 2 |.
BANG-targeted therapeutics under clinical development for cancer treatment
| Agent (Company) | Molecular target | Agent type | Biology targeted | Stage of development | Indication or patient population | Clinical trial identifier and status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIIB015 (Biogen Idec) | CRIPTO | Antibody with ‘toxic payload’: humanized CRIPTO-specific monoclonal (IgG1) conjugated to maytansinoid derivative DM4 | Tumour targeting | Phase I | Relapsed or refractory solid tumours | NCT00674947 (completed; further development discontinued) |
| LY2157299 (Eli Lilly) | ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7 | Small-molecule kinase inhibitor | Tumour targeting | Phase I | Advanced or metastatic cancer | NCT01682187 (complete) |
| Tumour targeting | Phase IB/IIA | Malignant glioma in combination with radiochemotherapy | NCT01220271 (recruiting) | |||
| Tumour targeting | Phase IB/IIA | Metastatic cancer and advanced pancreatic cancer | NCT01373164 (recruiting) | |||
| Tumour targeting | Phase II | Hepatocellular carcinoma | NCT01246986 (recruiting) | |||
| Tumour targeting | Phase II | Recurrent glioblastoma | NCT01582269 (recruiting) | |||
| PF-03446962 (Pfizer) | ALK1 | Fully human ALK1-specific monoclonal antibody (IgG2) | Angiogenesis | Phase I | Advanced solid tumours | NCT00557856 (recruiting) |
| Angiogenesis | Phase II | Malignant pleural mesothelioma and previous cytotoxic chemotherapy | NCT01486368 (recruiting) | |||
| ACE-041 (Dalantercept; Acceleron Pharma) | ALK1 ligands (BMP9 and BMP10) | Ligand trap: human ALK1-Fc fusion (IgG1) | Angiogenesis | Phase I | Advanced solid tumours or refractory multiple myeloma | NCT00996957 (ongoing but not recruiting) |
| Angiogenesis | Phase II | Recurrent or persistent endometrial cancer | NCT01642082 (recruiting) | |||
| Angiogenesis | Phase II | Ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer | NCT01720173 (planned) | |||
| ACE-011 (Sotatercept; Celgene Corp/Acceleron Pharma) | ACTRIIA ligands (activins, BMP10, myostatin and GDF11) | Ligand trap: human ACTRIIA-Fc (IgG1) | Bone loss | Phase IIA | Patients with multiple myeloma who have osteolytic lesions receiving concomitant MPT | NCT00747123 (completed) |
| Tumour targeting, anaemia and bone loss | Phase I | Relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with dexamethasone and lenalidomide | NCT01562405 (temporarily suspended pending amendment) | |||
| Anaemia | Phase II | Anaemia in solid tumours | NCT01190644 (recruiting) | |||
| Myelofibrosis and anaemia | Phase II | Myelofibrosis and anaemia in myeloproliferative neoplasms | NCT01712308 (planned) | |||
| LY2495655 (Eli Lilly) | Myostatin | Fully humanized myostatin-specific antibody | Cancer-related cachexia | Phase I | Advanced cancer | NCT01524224 (ongoing but not recruiting) |
| Cancer-related cachexia | Phase II | Patients with locally advanced or inoperable metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy (gemcitabine) | NCT01505530 (recruiting) |
ACTRIIA, activin receptor IIA; ALK, activin receptor-like kinase; BANG, BMPs, activins, NODAL, and GDFs; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; GDF, growth and differentiation factor; igG, immunoglobulin G; MPT, melphalan, prednisolone and thalidomide.