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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 3.
Published in final edited form as: J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2019 Apr 23;12(2):87–94. doi: 10.1007/s12265-019-09876-3

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Impact of acute mechanical circulatory support pumps on myocardial oxygen consumption. A) Compared to baseline, intra-aortic balloon pumps reduce LV pressure, not volume, thereby creating a small reduction in pressure-volume area (PVA), which directly correlates with myocardial oxygen consumption; B) Left atrial to femoral artery (LA-FA) bypass pumps such as the TandemHeart device reduce PVA by significantly decreasing LV volume, not pressure; C-D) Trans-valvular pumps such as the Hemopump, Impella, or HeartMate percutaneous heart pump, reduce PVA by decreasing both LV pressure and volume. The magnitude of PVA reduction directly correlates with the magnitude of flow through a trans-valvular pump. Full lines represent ‘Pump Off’. Hashed lines represent ‘Pump On’. PVA is illustrated by the boxes encompassing the product of LV pressure (P) and volume (V).