Fig. 5. Species at Risk pesticides metric (SPEARpesticides) versus the sum of toxic units for fipronil(s) (ΣTUFipronils) at streams sampled in five regional studies (36–40).
Fipronil toxic units are the measured fipronil(s) concentrations divided by compound-specific HC5 values determined from SSDs (see Fig. 4) derived from the mesocosm experiment. Black lines, generalized additive model (GAM). Red dashed lines, 95% CIs of GAM. ΣTUFipronils are transformed as log10(ΣTUFipronils + 1).