Figure 1. Yeast deprivation modulates the balance between sleep and courtship.
(A) Schematic diagram of the experimental design. After 6 days in varying nutritional conditions as indicated, flies were loaded into tubes containing 5% sucrose in male-male (MM) or male-female (MF) pairs. (B–C) Sleep profile in 30 min intervals for MF (B) or MM (C) pairs in the normal food or yeast deprivation condition measured using single-beam monitors. N = 82–90. (D) Nighttime sleep for flies shown in (B) and (C). (E–F) Sleep profile in 30 min intervals for MF (E) or MM (F) pairs in the normal food or yeast deprivation condition measured using multi-beam monitors. Sleep was computed based on inter-beam movements, that is, movements between adjacent beams. N = 13–32. (G) Nighttime sleep for flies shown in (E) and (F). (H) Percent of time spent sleeping or courting for males in the normal food or yeast-deprived condition. Both groups of males were paired with normally fed females. The first 5 min of every h between Zeitgeber time (ZT) 18–24 were manually scored from videos. Tuckey’s method is used for boxplots; boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles, and whiskers extend from the lowest to the highest value within ±1.5 times the interquartile range. Data points above the whiskers are drawn as individual dots. N = 49–50. (I) Sleep profile of MF pairs in the normal food, 5% sucrose (yeast deprivation), 5% sucrose + 2.75% yeast, and 5% sucrose + 2.75% tryptone conditions. The single-beam DAM system was used to measure sleep. N = 45–48. (J) Nighttime sleep for flies shown in (I). (K) Sleep profile of MF pairs in 5% sucrose (yeast deprivation), 5% sucrose + 2.75% tryptone (tryptone supplemented), and 7.75% sucrose conditions. The tryptone supplemented and 7.75% sucrose conditions are equivalent in caloric content. The single-beam DAM system was used to measure sleep. N = 60–64. (L) Nighttime sleep for flies shown in (K). Iso31 flies were used in all panels. In (B–D), MM and MF pairs were composed of flies from the same nutritional condition. In (E–L) and subsequent figures, 4- to 5-day-old normally fed males and females were used as partners for males from different nutritional conditions. In this and subsequent figures, bar graphs represent mean ± SEM and the white and black bars in the experimental design and below the x-axis in sleep profile graphs indicate light and dark periods, respectively. **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001 and ns: not significant, two-way ANOVA, p<0.0001 for the interaction between sex and nutritional condition, followed by Sidak post-hoc test (D, G); Mann-Whitney test (H); one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test (J, L).
Figure 1—figure supplement 1. Yeast deprivation does not promote sleep in individual flies.
Figure 1—figure supplement 2. Yeast deprivation effects on sleep in MF pairs are independent of the nutritional condition of the female.
Figure 1—figure supplement 3. Yeast deprivation modulates the balance between sleep and courtship: multi-beam data including local movements.
