Table 3.
Clinical characteristics of patients with T2DM by OP category.
| Non-OP group | OP group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 44 | 35 | |
| Gender (F, %) | 15 (34.1%) | 20 (57.1%) | 0.040 |
| Age (years) | 54.2 ± 8.4 | 57.3 ± 11.7 | 0.186 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 2.5 | 24.8 ± 3.4 | 0.009 |
| Duration of DM (years) | |||
| 0-1 | 12 (15.2%) | 8 (10.1%) | |
| 1-10 | 17 (21.5) | 18 (22.8%) | 0.517 |
| >10 | 15 (19.0%) | 9 (11.4%) | |
| History of DM | 12 (15.2%) | 14 (17.7%) | 0.232 |
| Hypertension | 25 (56.8%) | 11 (31.4%) | 0.024 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | 6 (7.6%) | 4 (5.1%) | 1.000 |
| Smoking | 19 (43.2) | 7 (8.9%) | 0.029 |
| Drinking | 17 (21.5%) | 8 (10.1%) | 0.134 |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.2 ± 2.0 | 8.9 ± 2.4 | 0.564 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.57 ± 1.17 | 4.77 ± 0.99 | 0.407 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.71 (1.1) | 1.30 (0.81) | 0.020 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.02 ± 0.23 | 1.11 ± 0.19 | 0.078 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.01 ± 0.86 | 3.13 ± 0.75 | 0.535 |
| VLDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.53 (0.39) | 0.52 (0.29) | 0.678 |
| ApoA1 (mmol/L) | 1.30 ± 0.20 | 1.29 ± 0.20 | 0.836 |
| ApoB (mmol/L) | 0.82 ± 0.21 | 0.81 ± 0.21 | 0.873 |
| Total protein (g/L) | 68.33 ± 6.15 | 68.12 ± 6.08 | 0.877 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 41.41 ± 2.41 | 41.03 ± 2.65 | 0.515 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.27 ± 1.42 | 4.79 ± 1.06 | 0.095 |
| Cr (μmmol/L) | 72.13 ± 13.26 | 64.98 ± 11.08 | 0.014 |
| 25OHD (ng/mL) | 15.18 (10.66) | 15.04 (9.41) | 0.582 |
| OC (ng/mL) | 14.07 ± 5.13 | 15.03 ± 4.51 | 0.389 |
| β-CTX (ng/mL) | 0.37 (0.33) | 0.42 (0.29) | 0.460 |
| P1NP (ng/mL) | 38.10 (27.61) | 47.32 (22.74) | 0.106 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 43.74 ± 14.74 | 38.27 ± 13.62 | 0.095 |
Note: data were expressed as number (%) or mean ± SD/median (interquartile range). Abbreviations: ApoA1: apolipoprotein A1; ApoB: apolipoprotein B; BMD: bone mineral density; BMI: body mass index; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; DM: diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; VLDL-C: very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OC: osteocalcin; OP: osteoporosis; P1NP: procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide; PTH: parathyroid hormone; 25OHD: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; β-CTX: β-C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen.