Table 2.

Modified list of evidence supporting efficacy of agents studied as treatment for TD [18,25,27,28,46]

Established	Probably	Possibly	Inconclusive data	Ineffective
Valbenazine Deutetrabenazine	Tetrabenazine	Amantadine Ginkgo biloba extract Switch antipsychotic or clozapine Antipsychotic withdrawal (in early cases) Clonazepam	Reserpine α-methyldopa Bromocriptine Cholinesterase inhibitors Muscarinic agonists Nicotinic agonists Anticholinergics (tardive dystonia) Melatonin Vitamin B6 Selegiline Yi-gan san/kamishoyosan Baclofen Levetiracetam Nifedipine Buspirone Botulinum toxin (tardive dystonia) Branched chain amino acids Neurosurgey Electroconvulsive therapy Deep brain stimulation	Eicosapentaenoic acid Diltiazem Vitamin E