Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Specimens of COVID-19 Cases in This Study
| Characteristic | COVID-19 Cases |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 410) | Severe (N = 90) | Mild (N = 320) | p Value | |
| Median age (range) | 47.5 (2–86) | 60.5 (31–86) | 41.5 (2–81) | <0.0001 |
| Age subgroup (N, %) | 410 | 90 | 320 | |
| <15 years | 29 (7.1) | 0 (0) | 29 (9.1) | 0.0008 |
| 15–44 years | 156 (38.0) | 12 (13.3) | 144 (45) | 0.0004 |
| 45–64 years | 169 (41.1) | 53 (58.9) | 116 (36.2) | 0.0002 |
| ≥65 years | 56 (13.7) | 25 (27.8) | 31 (9.7) | <0.0001 |
| Male (n, %) | 193 (47.1) | 59 (65.6) | 134 (41.9) | <0.0001 |
| Co-existing chronic medical conditions (n, %) | 120 (29.3) | 75 (83.3) | 45 (14.1) | <0.0001 |
| Onset to admission, median days (IQR) | 3 (1.5–6) | 4 (2.25–7) | 3 (1–5) | 0.0077 |
| Onset to antiviral treatment, median days (IQR) | 3 (2–6) | 4 (3–7) | 3 (2–6) | 0.0034 |
| Sample types (N, %) | 3,552 | 1,132 | 2,420 | |
| Oropharyngeal swabs | 559 (15.7) | 231 (20.4) | 328 (13.6) | <0.0001 |
| Nasopharyngeal swabs | 2,231 (62.8) | 617 (54.5) | 1,614 (66.7) | <0.0001 |
| Sputum | 696 (19.6) | 222 (19.6) | 474 (19.6) | >0.9999 |
| BALF | 66 (1.9) | 62 (5.5) | 4 (0.2) | <0.0001 |
| Median d.a.o. of first specimen collection (IQR) | 5 (3–8) | 6 (4–8.75) | 5 (2–8) | 0.4888 |
| Median number of specimens for each patient (IQR) | 8 (5–12) | 10 (8–17) | 7 (5–11) | <0.0001 |
| 0–7 d.a.o. | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–2.75) | 1 (0–3) | 0.9397 |
| 8–14 d.a.o. | 2 (1–4) | 3 (2–5) | 2 (1–3) | <0.0001 |
| ≥15 d.a.o. | 4 (2–7) | 7 (2–11.75) | 3 (2–6) | <0.0001 |
d.a.o., days after illness onset; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range.