Table 1:

Summary table of¹HMRS studies reporting Glu, Gln or Glx effects in healthy older and younger adults.

Table 1 Study Year	Age Young#	Age Old#	Sample Age Range*	Sample Size (Total/Young/Old)	ROI	Sex (%F)	MRS Sequence	Field Strength	Voxel Type	Glu Type	Echo Time (TE)msec
Boumezbeur 2010	26	76	-	14/7/7	Midline Occipito-Parietal Lobe	33	LASER-POCE	4.0 T	Single	Glu	42
Chang 1996	-	-	19–78	33/-/-	Mid-Frontal Gray Matter; Right-Frontal White Matter		PRESS	1.5 T	Single	Glx	30
Ding 2016	25	65	20–70	30/17/13	Bilateral Frontal and Parietal lobes	57	EPSI	3.0 T	Multi	Glx	17.6
Hädel 2013	-	-	20–56	118/-/-	Left Hippocampus; Anterior Cingulate Cortex	50	PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glu, Gln	80
Kaiser 2005	26	54	24–68	24/11/13	Corona Radiata; Mesial Motor Cortex	54	STEAM	4.0 T	Single	Glu, Gln	15
Marjańska 2017	21	78	19–88	33/17/16	Posterior Cingulate Cortex; Occipital Cortex	52	STEAM	7.0 T	Multi	Glu, Gln	8
Mooney 2017	24.6	70.3	20–83	31/15/16	Primary Motor Cortex	35	MEGA-PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glx	68
Raininko 2010	32	62	13–72	34/15/19	Supraventricular White Matter	44	PRESS	1.5 T	Single	Glx	22
Sailasuta 2008	-	-	21–71	22/16/6	Frontal White Matter; Parietal Gray Matter; Basal Ganglia	40	PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glu	82^
Schubert 2004	-	-	20–60	40/-/-	Anterior Cingulate Cortex; Hippocampus	50	PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glu, Gln	80^
Simmonite 2019	20.7	76.5	18–87	39/20/19	Occipital Cortex	56	PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glx	35
Suri 2017	23.9	68.9	20–85	147/30/117	Posterior Cingulate Cortex	26	SPECIAL	3.0 T	Single	Glu, Gln	8.5
Zahr 2008	25.5	77.7	19–84	24/12/12	Striatum;Cerebellum; Pons	50	CT-PRESS	3.0 T	Single	Glu, Glx	139^

ROI = region of interest; %F = percent female; Glu = glutamate; Gln = glutamine; Glx = glutamate+glutamine;

^#average age reported for cohort studies;

^*minimum and maximum age included in the study;

^{^}indicates average TE.