TABLE 6.

LMHFV effects on fracture healing using mouse models.

References	Strain	Frequency (Hz)	Magnitude (*g)	Time schedule	Groups	Main outcome
Haffner-Luntzer et al., 2018a	ERα-KO, ERβ-KO (C57BL/6)	45	0.3	20 min/day, 5 days/week 3 weeks	OVX Sham	Flexural rigidity ↑ ERα required for beneficial effect of LMHFV on healing in OVX mice
Wehrle et al., 2014	C57BL/6 (12 weeks)	35, 45	0.3	20 min/day, 5 days/week 10 days or 3 weeks	Non-OVX	35 Hz: no effect 45 Hz: flexural rigidity ↓ bone formation in the fracture callus ↓
Wehrle et al., 2015	C57BL/6 (49 weeks)	45	0.3	20 min/day, 5 days/week 10 days or 3 weeks	OVX Sham	Flexural rigidity ↑ in OVX Bone formation↑ in OVX
Zhang et al., 2020	SAMP8, non-sarcopenic SAMR1	35	0.3	20 min/day, 5 days/week 2/4/6 weeks	Non-OVX	Callus formation ↑ Callus remodeling ↑ Mechanical properties ↑ in non-sarcopenic mice