Table 5. Investigations for nonimmediate (delayed) drug hypersensitivity.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Drug patch test | |||
| Drugs commonly tested (n = 12) | |||
| Antibiotics (beta-lactam) | 10 (83.3) | ||
| Antibiotic (non–beta-lactams) | 10 (83.3) | ||
| Antiepileptics | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Antituberculous drugs | 5 (41.7) | ||
| NSAIDs and Selective COX-2 inhibitor | 5 (41.7) | ||
| Cotrimoxazole | 5 (41.7) | ||
| Radiocontrast media | 2 (16.7) | ||
| Hydroxyzine | 1 (8.3) | ||
| Corticosteroids | 1 (8.3) | ||
| Indications (n = 12) | |||
| Stevens-Johnson syndrome | 9 (75) | ||
| Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome | 8 (66.7) | ||
| Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Maculopapular eruption | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis | 6 (50.0) | ||
| Fixed drug eruption | 6 (50.0) | ||
| Drug-induced immune-bullous eruptions | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Drug-induced lupus erythematosus | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Drug-induced vasculitis | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Used in clinical or research setting (n = 13) | |||
| Clinical | 9 (69.2) | ||
| Research | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Both | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Formulation of drugs (n = 12) | |||
| Commercialized form of drugs | 9 (75.0) | ||
| Pure substance | 5 (41.7) | ||
| Dilution of drugs (n = 13) | |||
| 10% and 30% | 8 (61.5) | ||
| 1% | 6 (46.2) | ||
| 5% | 3 (23.1) | ||
| 0.1% | 3 (23.1) | ||
| Vehicle used (n = 13) | |||
| Petrolatum | 11 (84.6) | ||
| Water | 5 (38.5) | ||
| Alcohol | 1 (7.7) | ||
| Source of drugs for patch test (n = 13) | |||
| In-house | 9 (69.2) | ||
| Chemotechnique® | 3 (23.1) | ||
| Commercial | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Other agent tested (n = 12) | |||
| Photoallergen | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Colouring | 5 (41.7) | ||
| Preservative | 4 (33.3) | ||
| Excipient | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Reading of patch test (n = 13) | |||
| 48 Hours | 13 (100) | ||
| 96 Hours | 9 (69.2) | ||
| 20 Minutes | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Day 7 | 2 (15.4) | ||
| Lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) | |||
| Type of LTT service (n = 8) | |||
| Research | 6 (75.0) | ||
| Clinical | 1 (12.5) | ||
| Clinical and research | 1 (12.5) | ||
| Facility that provide LTT (n = 8) | |||
| In-house | 4 (50.0) | ||
| Another facility within the country | 4 (50.0) | ||
| Drugs tested using LTT (n = 7) | |||
| NSAIDs and Selective COX-2 inhibitor | 3 (42.9) | ||
| Contact allergens | 3 (42.9) | ||
| Antibiotics (beta-lactam) | 2 (28.6) | ||
| Antituberculous drugs | 2 (28.6) | ||
| Antibiotic (non–beta-lactams) | 1 (14.3) | ||
| Antiepileptics | 1 (14.3) | ||
NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.